供(gong)應鏈的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要活(huo)動包括(kuo)：1、商(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開發和制造·商(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)劃、設(she)計、商(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)化(hua)；·需(xu)求預測和生產(chan)計劃；·商(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生產(chan)和質量管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。2、商(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配送(song)(song)·確保(bao)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)(shou)途徑，即(ji)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)(shou)渠道的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性和有效性；·按時配送(song)(song)，以(yi)JIT思想進行(xing)配送(song)(song)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)和作(zuo)業；·降低(di)(di)物(wu)流成(cheng)(cheng)本，實現供(gong)應鏈整體成(cheng)(cheng)本的(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)(di)。3、商(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)(shou)和售(shou)(shou)(shou)后服務(wu)·銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)(shou)，以(yi)適(shi)當的(de)(de)(de)(de)營銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)組合策略(lve)，實現銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)(shou)；·品(pin)(pin)(pin)種齊(qi)全、及時的(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)補(bu)充，并保(bao)持(chi)低(di)(di)庫存(cun)量；·銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數據和銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)(shou)額(e)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，了解(jie)問題，確定(ding)活(huo)動方針(zhen)。供(gong)應鏈管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)需(xu)要考慮的(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素包括(kuo)供(gong)需(xu)平衡、庫存(cun)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、物(wu)流運輸、質量控制等(deng)。汕頭農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)供(gong)應鏈成(cheng)(cheng)本是多少

什(shen)么是(shi)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)？從概念(nian)上來講，供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)是(shi)圍繞關鍵企(qi)業，通過對(dui)信息流、物(wu)流、資金(jin)流的(de)(de)控制(zhi)，從采購原材(cai)料(liao)開始(shi)到制(zhi)成(cheng)中間(jian)產(chan)(chan)品及產(chan)(chan)品、由(you)銷售網絡把產(chan)(chan)品送到消費(fei)者手中的(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)由(you)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)商(shang)、制(zhi)造商(shang)、分銷商(shang)（零(ling)售商(shang)，批發商(shang)等(deng)(deng)）直到用(yong)戶所連成(cheng)的(de)(de)整體(ti)功能網鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)結構。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管理是(shi)對(dui)整個(ge)(ge)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)系統進行計劃、協(xie)調、操作(zuo)、控制(zhi)和(he)優化的(de)(de)各種活動和(he)過程，目的(de)(de)是(shi)為了賺取(qu)利潤。整個(ge)(ge)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)條想要(yao)達(da)成(cheng)的(de)(de)目標，總結起來就是(shi)6個(ge)(ge)R：把顧客所需(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)確(que)(que)(que)產(chan)(chan)品（RightProduct），在(zai)正(zheng)(zheng)確(que)(que)(que)的(de)(de)時間(jian)（RightTime），按照正(zheng)(zheng)確(que)(que)(que)的(de)(de)數量（RightQuantity），正(zheng)(zheng)確(que)(que)(que)的(de)(de)質量（RightQuality），正(zheng)(zheng)確(que)(que)(que)的(de)(de)狀態（RightStatus），送到正(zheng)(zheng)確(que)(que)(que)的(de)(de)地點(dian)（RightPlace）。肇慶全球供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)公(gong)司流程供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管理需(xu)(xu)要(yao)考慮供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)效率管理，如優化供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)流程、提高生產(chan)(chan)效率等(deng)(deng)，提高供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)效率和(he)降(jiang)低成(cheng)本。

供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)理(li)協(xie)會(ASCM,原APICS協(xie)會)給出的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)定(ding)義更(geng)為(wei)(wei)完整并(bing)充滿現代氣(qi)息(xi)：“供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)是(shi)一個(ge)全局(ju)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)、用來(lai)將原材料(liao)轉(zhuan)化(hua)成(cheng)產品(pin)或(huo)服務并(bing)配送到用戶(hu)手里(li)的(de)(de)(de)網(wang)絡，其中包含了信息(xi)、實物和(he)現金等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)流動。”也就是(shi)說，供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)是(shi)一個(ge)由(you)客戶(hu)、制造商和(he)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)商等(deng)實體構成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)網(wang)絡，以及各種流程(cheng)所組成(cheng)，而供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)強調(diao)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)該鏈(lian)(lian)條(tiao)上各個(ge)企業實體之間的(de)(de)(de)合(he)作!另外一個(ge)廣(guang)為(wei)(wei)人知(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)模型(xing)是(shi)美國(guo)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)協(xie)會(SupplyChainCouncil,即SCC,現已與APICS合(he)并(bing))提出的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)運作參(can)考(kao)模型(xing)(SCOR),其中對供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)概念的(de)(de)(de)解(jie)釋是(shi)：供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)作為(wei)(wei)目前國(guo)際上廣(guang)使用的(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)術(shu)語，囊(nang)括了涉及生產與交付(fu)產品(pin)和(he)服務的(de)(de)(de)一切努(nu)力，從供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)商的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)商到客戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)客戶(hu)。

供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)是(shi)(shi)指圍繞(rao)關鍵企(qi)業(ye)，從(cong)(cong)配(pei)套零(ling)件開始，制(zhi)成中(zhong)間(jian)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)以(yi)及產(chan)(chan)品(pin)，由銷(xiao)(xiao)售網絡把產(chan)(chan)品(pin)送到(dao)消費者(zhe)手中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)、將供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)，制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)，分銷(xiao)(xiao)商(shang)直到(dao)用(yong)戶連成一(yi)個整體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)網鏈(lian)(lian)結構。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)經營理(li)(li)念是(shi)(shi)從(cong)(cong)消費者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)角度，通過(guo)企(qi)業(ye)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)協作，謀求供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)整體(ti)佳化(hua)。成功(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管理(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)夠協調(diao)(diao)并整合供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)中(zhong)所有的(de)(de)(de)活(huo)動(dong)，成為(wei)(wei)無(wu)縫(feng)連接的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)過(guo)程。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)概(gai)念是(shi)(shi)從(cong)(cong)擴大生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)概(gai)念發(fa)展來的(de)(de)(de)，它(ta)(ta)將企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)活(huo)動(dong)進行了前(qian)伸和(he)后延。日(ri)本豐田公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)益協作方式中(zhong)就將供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)活(huo)動(dong)視為(wei)(wei)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)活(huo)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)有機組成部分而加以(yi)控制(zhi)和(he)協調(diao)(diao)。哈理(li)(li)森（Harrison）將供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)定義(yi)為(wei)(wei)：“供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)是(shi)(shi)執行采購原材料，將它(ta)(ta)們轉換為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)間(jian)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)和(he)成品(pin)，并且將成品(pin)銷(xiao)(xiao)售到(dao)用(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)網鏈(lian)(lian)。”美(mei)國的(de)(de)(de)史蒂文斯（Stevens）認為(wei)(wei)：“通過(guo)增值過(guo)程和(he)分銷(xiao)(xiao)渠道控制(zhi)從(cong)(cong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)到(dao)用(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)流就是(shi)(shi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)，它(ta)(ta)開始于供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)源點(dian)，結束(shu)于消費的(de)(de)(de)終點(dian)。”因此，供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)就是(shi)(shi)通過(guo)計劃(hua)（Plan）、獲(huo)得(de)（Obtain）、存儲（Store）、分銷(xiao)(xiao)（Distribute）、服務（Serve）等這樣(yang)一(yi)些(xie)活(huo)動(dong)而在(zai)顧客(ke)和(he)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)之間(jian)形成的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種銜接（Interface），從(cong)(cong)而使企(qi)業(ye)能(neng)(neng)滿足內外(wai)部顧客(ke)的(de)(de)(de)需求。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管理(li)(li)需要進行倉儲管理(li)(li)，以(yi)實現庫存控制(zhi)和(he)物流協調(diao)(diao)。

供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)上下游企業(ye)(ye)為(wei)了謀求(qiu)各自收(shou)益(yi)(yi)大(da)化，在(zai)單獨決策的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中確定的(de)(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)價(jia)格高于其生產邊際(ji)成(cheng)本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現象。如果(guo)下游企業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定價(jia)過高，必然會造成(cheng)市場需求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)萎(wei)縮，導致供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)總體收(shou)益(yi)(yi)下降(jiang)。原因：企業(ye)(ye)個體利益(yi)(yi)大(da)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)目標(biao)和整體利益(yi)(yi)大(da)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)目標(biao)不(bu)一致。沒有體現供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)共擔風險的(de)(de)(de)(de)原則。影(ying)響：如果(guo)不(bu)能很好(hao)解決，供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)績(ji)效(xiao)水平會大(da)打折扣，進而(er)影(ying)響人(ren)們實(shi)(shi)施供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)信心。方法：供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)契(qi)約(yue)（回購契(qi)約(yue)、收(shou)入共享契(qi)約(yue)、數量折扣契(qi)約(yue)、小購買數量契(qi)約(yue)、數量柔(rou)性契(qi)約(yue)；質量擔保契(qi)約(yue)）供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)契(qi)約(yue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)：1.減少(shao)長鞭(bian)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響;2,實(shi)(shi)現供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)協調，消除雙重(zhong)邊際(ji)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)；3.增強供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)成(cheng)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)作關(guan)系。供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)理需要進行(xing)環(huan)境(jing)管(guan)理，以保護環(huan)境(jing)和實(shi)(shi)現可持續發展(zhan)。珠海農產品(pin)供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)公司

供應鏈管理需要進行財(cai)務(wu)管理，以實現(xian)財(cai)務(wu)控制和(he)風險管理。汕頭農產品供應鏈成本是多少

高效的(de)供(gong)應鏈可以幫(bang)助(zhu)改善溝(gou)通(tong)，因為它可以幫(bang)助(zhu)公(gong)司(si)更有(you)(you)效地協調其(qi)活動。通(tong)過對材料(liao)如何(he)流經供(gong)應鏈制(zhi)定(ding)明確(que)(que)的(de)計劃，公(gong)司(si)可以避免任何(he)可能影響溝(gou)通(tong)的(de)中斷(duan)。此外，使用技術跟蹤貨物和監控庫存水平(ping)可以幫(bang)助(zhu)確(que)(que)保(bao)材料(liao)在需要時可用，并確(que)(que)保(bao)產品(pin)按時交付。總體而言，有(you)(you)效的(de)供(gong)應鏈管(guan)(guan)理系統有(you)(you)助(zhu)于(yu)公(gong)司(si)所(suo)有(you)(you)成員之(zhi)間更好的(de)溝(gou)通(tong)。供(gong)應鏈管(guan)(guan)理不單單是將產品(pin)從A點送到(dao)B點。這也(ye)是為了在此過程中提供(gong)上好的(de)客戶服(fu)務。通(tong)過了解和管(guan)(guan)理供(gong)應鏈中的(de)各個步驟，公(gong)司(si)可以確(que)(que)保(bao)他們的(de)客戶始(shi)終(zhong)對他們收到(dao)的(de)產品(pin)和服(fu)務感(gan)到(dao)滿(man)意。汕(shan)頭農產品(pin)供(gong)應鏈成本(ben)是多少

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