光伏電(dian)站施工現場(chang)安全的規范(fan)要求：

1、對施工(gong)(gong)前準備的安(an)全(quan)要求：注意(yi)施工(gong)(gong)環境，檢查作業(ye)范圍內有(you)無危險地段、電氣線路(lu)及其它障(zhang)礙物;必要時派專人(ren)把守、看管。如果現場施工(gong)(gong)需要交接班(ban)(ban)繼續進行，前班(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)作人(ren)員要向后班(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)作人(ren)員交待(dai)清(qing)楚有(you)關事(shi)項，防止盲目作業(ye)發生事(shi)故。

2、對施工(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)的安全要求：作業人(ren)員(yuan)必(bi)(bi)須按規(gui)定穿(chuan)戴、使(shi)用防護用品(pin)、用具(ju)。現(xian)場所有施工(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)必(bi)(bi)須購買意外保險。嚴(yan)(yan)禁(jin)赤腳(jiao)、穿(chuan)拖鞋、高跟(gen)鞋及(ji)不(bu)戴安全帽人(ren)員(yuan)進(jin)入(ru)施工(gong)現(xian)場作業。嚴(yan)(yan)禁(jin)在施工(gong)操作現(xian)場玩耍、吵鬧(nao)和從(cong)高空(kong)拋(pao)擲材料、工(gong)具(ju)、磚石及(ji)一切物資(zi)。嚴(yan)(yan)禁(jin)帶小孩進(jin)入(ru)施工(gong)現(xian)場作業。

3、對施(shi)工(gong)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)安全要(yao)求：設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)安裝(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)用(yong)的(de)物品、材料(liao)，聽從負責(ze)人(ren)安排按指定(ding)地點堆放(fang)，工(gong)作場地及通道(dao)必(bi)(bi)須(xu)保(bao)持整(zheng)潔(jie)暢通，物件堆放(fang)必(bi)(bi)須(xu)整(zheng)齊、穩固。設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)安裝(zhuang)調(diao)試結(jie)束交付用(yong)戶(hu)前(qian)，每天施(shi)工(gong)結(jie)束離開(kai)工(gong)作現場時(shi)，檢(jian)查用(yong)電用(yong)氣(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)，必(bi)(bi)須(xu)停機、停電、斷氣(qi)(qi)，確認無誤后離開(kai)。設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)具(ju)備(bei)(bei)自動記錄和報(bao)告功(gong)能，能夠生成(cheng)詳(xiang)細的(de)運行日志和故障報(bao)告。海南新能源(yuan)檢(jian)測 電站(zhan)現場并網檢(jian)測設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)設(she)(she)(she)計

電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)并網投運(yun)后(hou)，設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)管(guan)理便(bian)成為(wei)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)管(guan)理的(de)(de)重(zhong)中之(zhi)重(zhong)。只有(you)降(jiang)低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)率，才能(neng)有(you)效保證(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)安(an)全穩定(ding)的(de)(de)運(yun)行(xing)，才能(neng)達到預期的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)目標滿足效益要(yao)(yao)求。電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)作(zuo)為(wei)場站(zhan)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)，是決定(ding)安(an)全生產保證(zheng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)因(yin)素。任何設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)在工作(zuo)過程(cheng)中都會(hui)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)度的(de)(de)出現(xian)損壞、老(lao)化等現(xian)象(xiang)。長久(jiu)如此(ci)，設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)技術(shu)性能(neng)變差，使(shi)用壽命降(jiang)低(di)。為(wei)杜絕此(ci)類現(xian)象(xiang)發(fa)生，將因(yin)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)原因(yin)而造成的(de)(de)間接損失控制(zhi)到比較(jiao)低(di)。我們必(bi)須要(yao)(yao)制(zhi)定(ding)出一(yi)(yi)套嚴格(ge)可行(xing)的(de)(de)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)運(yun)維管(guan)理機(ji)制(zhi)，確保電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)安(an)全穩定(ding)生產，減少(shao)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)的(de)(de)發(fa)生。

1 建立規章制度

根據(ju)我(wo)國相關(guan)法律、法規(gui)以及電(dian)力行業相關(guan)規(gui)程(cheng)、規(gui)范 ,結合電(dian)站(zhan)生產(chan)實(shi)際制定《電(dian)站(zhan)運行操作(zuo)規(gui)程(cheng)》、《電(dian)站(zhan)安全(quan)生產(chan)管(guan)理(li)制度(du)》、《工(gong)作(zuo)票、操作(zuo)票管(guan)理(li)制度(du)》、《生產(chan)事(shi)故(gu)調查(cha)實(shi)施細則》、《事(shi)故(gu)應急預(yu)案》等，以適應生產(chan)經(jing)營管(guan)理(li)的需要。

廣西電(dian)站現場并網(wang)檢測設(she)備原(yuan)理現場并網(wang)檢測設(she)備是電(dian)站在進行并網(wang)操作時必備的(de)設(she)備之一。

1. 電(dian)站現(xian)場并(bing)網檢(jian)測(ce)設備—概況

小型光伏電站也越來(lai)越多(duo)，本運維手冊，可供有一定的電氣專業基礎的人員(yuan)參考(kao)，如遇復雜設備(bei)(bei)問題，請(qing)直接聯系設備(bei)(bei)廠(chang)家解決。

2. 電站(zhan)現場(chang)并網檢(jian)測設備(bei)—運(yun)維人員要求

光伏發電系統(tong)運維人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)應具備(bei)。運維人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)應具備(bei)相應的電氣專業(ye)技能或(huo)經過專業(ye)的電氣專業(ye)技能培訓，熟(shu)悉光伏發電原理及(ji)主(zhu)要系統(tong)構成。

3. 電(dian)站(zhan)現場并網(wang)(wang)檢(jian)測設備—光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)系統構成。光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)站(zhan)系統有組(zu)件(jian)、逆變器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)纜(lan)、配電(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)（配電(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)含空(kong)氣開(kai)關、計量表）組(zu)成。太陽光(guang)照射到光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組(zu)件(jian)上，產生的直流電(dian)通過電(dian)纜(lan)接入逆變器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，經(jing)逆變器(qi)(qi)將直流電(dian)轉化為(wei)交(jiao)流電(dian)接入配電(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)，在配電(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)經(jing)過斷路(lu)器(qi)(qi)、并網(wang)(wang)計量表進(jin)入電(dian)網(wang)(wang)。完成光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)并網(wang)(wang)發(fa)電(dian)。

（4）一般要求

①光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)系(xi)統(tong)的運維(wei)(wei)應(ying)保(bao)證系(xi)統(tong)本身安(an)全，以及系(xi)統(tong)不會對(dui)人員或建筑物(wu)造成危害，并使系(xi)統(tong)維(wei)(wei)持(chi)比較大的發(fa)(fa)電(dian)能力(li)。

②光伏發(fa)電系統的主要部件在運行時溫(wen)度、聲音、氣味(wei)等不應(ying)出現異(yi)常(chang)情況。

③光(guang)伏發(fa)電系統運(yun)維人員在故障處理之前要做好安(an)全措(cuo)施，確認斷開(kai)(kai)逆變器開(kai)(kai)關(guan)和并網(wang)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)，同(tong)時需穿戴絕緣保護裝備。

④光伏發電系統(tong)運維人員要(yao)做好運維記錄，對(dui)于所有記錄必(bi)須妥(tuo)善保(bao)管，并對(dui)出現的(de)故障進行分析。

1、什么是儲能(neng)電(dian)站？

就當它是個大(da)號充電寶，商用(yong)兆瓦級別(bie)，家用(yong)的容量(liang)小點。為方便安裝運輸，通常(chang)以標準集裝箱規(gui)格制作外包箱體(ti)。

儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)站并(bing)不全是(shi)鋰電(dian)池，鉛(qian)酸電(dian)池、液流電(dian)池、鈉硫電(dian)池都(dou)(dou)有，飛(fei)輪啊、超導啊也(ye)都(dou)(dou)是(shi)，抽水蓄能(neng)(neng)從理論上來說也(ye)是(shi)一(yi)種儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)方式，只不過現在鋰電(dian)池風頭(tou)正勁，占比較(jiao)高。

2、為(wei)什么要(yao)建儲能電站？

儲能(neng)電站(zhan)的主要(yao)作用(yong)是為(wei)清潔(jie)能(neng)源提(ti)供“蓄水池(chi)”。

鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的(de)興起有兩(liang)個關鍵因素：一是清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)需(xu)求持續(xu)增加。以水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)、風能(neng)(neng)為的(de)清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)是降低碳(tan)排放的(de)主(zhu)力軍，但清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)比較大缺點是不穩定。水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)有枯水(shui)(shui)期，太(tai)陽(yang)和風也不可能(neng)(neng)24小時穩定在線。電(dian)(dian)(dian)無(wu)法儲(chu)(chu)(chu)存，電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)根據用戶(hu)端的(de)耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)需(xu)求調配發電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠上網(wang)功(gong)率，用多少就只能(neng)(neng)發多少。在精確匹配供需(xu)這點上，清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)沒有火電(dian)(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)來得方便(bian)，水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)可以靠修水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)進行峰谷調節，太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)和風能(neng)(neng)并網(wang)則嚴(yan)重依賴(lai)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)系(xi)統，而傳統的(de)非鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)系(xi)統要么受地形限制無(wu)法推(tui)廣，要么性價(jia)比不高，早(zao)期鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)系(xi)統也因電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)價(jia)格昂(ang)貴無(wu)法大規模(mo)應用。設備(bei)配備(bei)了完善的(de)安全措施，防(fang)止非法入侵和未經授權的(de)訪(fang)問。

儲能集成技(ji)術(shu)路線：拓撲方案(an)逐漸迭代—— 集中式方案(an)：1500V 取代 1000V 成為趨勢

隨著集(ji)中(zhong)式風(feng)光電站(zhan)和儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)向更(geng)(geng)大容(rong)量發(fa)(fa)展，直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流高(gao)壓(ya)成為降(jiang)本增效(xiao)的(de)(de)主要(yao)技術(shu)方(fang)案(an)，直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流側電壓(ya)提(ti)(ti)升到(dao)1500V的(de)(de)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)逐(zhu)漸(jian)成為趨(qu)勢。相比(bi)于傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)1000V系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，1500V系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)將(jiang)(jiang)線(xian)纜、BMS硬件(jian)模塊、PCS等(deng)部(bu)件(jian)的(de)(de)耐壓(ya)從不超過1000V提(ti)(ti)高(gao)到(dao)不超過1500V。儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)1500V技術(shu)方(fang)案(an)來源于光伏系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，根據CPIA統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)計(ji)，2021年(nian)國內光伏系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流電壓(ya)等(deng)級(ji)為1500V的(de)(de)市場(chang)占(zhan)比(bi)約49.4%，預期未(wei)來會(hui)逐(zhu)步提(ti)(ti)高(gao)至近80%。1500V的(de)(de)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)將(jiang)(jiang)有(you)利于提(ti)(ti)高(gao)與(yu)光伏系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)適配(pei)度(du)。回顧光伏系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)發(fa)(fa)展，將(jiang)(jiang)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流側電壓(ya)做到(dao)1500V，通過更(geng)(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)輸入(ru)、輸出電壓(ya)等(deng)級(ji)，可以降(jiang)低(di)交直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流側線(xian)損及變壓(ya)器低(di)壓(ya)側繞組的(de)(de)損耗(hao)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)電站(zhan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)效(xiao)率，設(she)備(bei)（逆變器、變壓(ya)器）的(de)(de)功率密(mi)度(du)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)，體積減小(xiao)，運(yun)輸、維護等(deng)方(fang)面工作(zuo)(zuo)量也減少，有(you)利于降(jiang)低(di)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)成本。以特變電工2016年(nian)發(fa)(fa)布的(de)(de)1500V光伏系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)解決(jue)方(fang)案(an)為例，與(yu)傳統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)1000V系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)相比(bi)，1500V系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)效(xiao)率提(ti)(ti)升至少1.7%，初始(shi)投(tou)資降(jiang)低(di)0.1438元/W，設(she)備(bei)數量減少30-50%，巡檢(jian)時間縮短30%。設(she)備(bei)可以幫助電站(zhan)實(shi)現(xian)快速并網，縮短投(tou)產時間，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)發(fa)(fa)電效(xiao)率。黑(hei)龍江檢(jian)測(ce)設(she)備(bei)電站(zhan)現(xian)場(chang)并網檢(jian)測(ce)設(she)備(bei)作(zuo)(zuo)用

該設(she)備(bei)能(neng)夠實時監測(ce)(ce)電(dian)源電(dian)壓、頻(pin)率等參數(shu)，確保與電(dian)網(wang)的穩定(ding)連接。海南(nan)新(xin)能(neng)源檢測(ce)(ce) 電(dian)站現場并網(wang)檢測(ce)(ce)設(she)備(bei)設(she)計(ji)

光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)是一種利用(yong)太陽能進行發電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)設備，因其清潔(jie)、可再生(sheng)、低排放(fang)等(deng)特點而(er)受到關注和推廣(guang)。然而(er)，為了確保光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)正常運行和發電(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)(de)比較(jiao)大(da)化(hua)，需要(yao)針對不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)件(jian)進行運維管理。

組件運維

光伏電站的(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)是直(zhi)接與太陽輻射接觸的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)，它們的(de)(de)(de)(de)正常運作(zuo)(zuo)對電站的(de)(de)(de)(de)發電量和(he)(he)穩定(ding)性具有(you)至關重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。因此，組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運維(wei)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)十(shi)分(fen)重(zhong)要(yao)。首先，在日常使用中，需(xu)要(yao)定(ding)期檢(jian)查組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面是否有(you)污垢(gou)、灰(hui)塵等(deng)雜物(wu)(wu)，這些(xie)附著(zhu)在組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)質會影(ying)響太陽能轉化效(xiao)率(lv)。當出(chu)現(xian)(xian)上述問題(ti)時，應該及時采(cai)取(qu)清洗措施(shi)，以確保(bao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)清潔度(du)。其(qi)次，在雨(yu)季(ji)或氣候潮濕的(de)(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)下，容易導致組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面出(chu)現(xian)(xian)腐(fu)蝕或者損(sun)壞，因此需(xu)要(yao)進行(xing)定(ding)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)查和(he)(he)維(wei)護。對于已(yi)經出(chu)現(xian)(xian)破損(sun)或者裂縫的(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)，必須立(li)即(ji)更換，以避免出(chu)現(xian)(xian)漏(lou)電等(deng)問題(ti)。其(qi)次，需(xu)要(yao)定(ding)期檢(jian)查組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電纜和(he)(he)連(lian)接器等(deng)部(bu)分(fen)是否正常工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，以避免出(chu)現(xian)(xian)短(duan)路(lu)、斷路(lu)等(deng)故障(zhang)。海南新能源檢(jian)測 電站現(xian)(xian)場(chang)并網檢(jian)測設備設計(ji)

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