由于當時的(de)(de)頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)掘(jue)進(jin)機的(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)還停(ting)留(liu)在(zai)比較原始的(de)(de)階段，既沒(mei)有完整的(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)理論和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝作指導，也不(bu)考慮具體的(de)(de)地層(ceng)條件，所以當時的(de)(de)頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)掘(jue)進(jin)機還不(bu)夠完善。土(tu)(tu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)式頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)機當時分為上(shang)部(bu)出土(tu)(tu)和(he)下(xia)部(bu)出土(tu)(tu)兩種，但(dan)都沒(mei)有引入(ru)土(tu)(tu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力的(de)(de)概念。其中，也搞(gao)了一些水沖頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)試驗。1967年(nian)前(qian)后(hou)，上(shang)海已(yi)研制成(cheng)功人不(bu)必進(jin)入(ru)管(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)的(de)(de)小口(kou)徑(jing)遙控土(tu)(tu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)式機械頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)機，口(kou)徑(jing)有700mm-1050mm多種規格(ge)。在(zai)他們的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)實例中，有穿(chuan)過鐵路、公路的(de)(de)，也有在(zai)一般道路下(xia)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)。這(zhe)些掘(jue)進(jin)機，全(quan)部(bu)是(shi)全(quan)斷面切削(xue)，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)皮帶輸(shu)送機出土(tu)(tu)。同時，已(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)了液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)糾偏系統，并且糾偏油缸伸出的(de)(de)長度已(yi)用(yong)(yong)數字顯示。1978年(nian)前(qian)后(hou)，上(shang)海又研制成(cheng)功適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于軟粘土(tu)(tu)和(he)淤泥質粘土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)擠(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，這(zhe)種方法要求的(de)(de)覆土(tu)(tu)厚(hou)度較大的(de)(de)(大于2倍(bei)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)外徑(jing))，但(dan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)效(xiao)率比普通手掘(jue)式頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)提(ti)高1倍(bei)以上(shang)。測量時，應對(dui)儀器進(jin)行檢查調整，對(dui)原始記錄作詳細校對(dui)。湖里區DN2400非開(kai)挖頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)費用(yong)(yong)

頂管(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前，必(bi)(bi)須對(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場(chang)(chang)(chang)或附近(jin)的地下管(guan)(guan)網進(jin)行(xing)(xing)勘測(ce)，對(dui)現場(chang)(chang)(chang)的供水、燃氣(qi)、通(tong)訊、電力等管(guan)(guan)線進(jin)行(xing)(xing)定位，對(dui)那些需要(yao)停工(gong)(gong)(gong)或遷離的管(guan)(guan)線進(jin)行(xing)(xing)嚴格(ge)分析，然(ran)后明確標(biao)出；第二要(yao)調查施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場(chang)(chang)(chang)路面的車流(liu)、人(ren)流(liu)等交通(tong)狀(zhuang)況(kuang)，必(bi)(bi)要(yao)時在路口(kou)設計(ji)交通(tong)引導牌，安排(pai)專人(ren)指揮，根(gen)據道(dao)(dao)路交通(tong)狀(zhuang)況(kuang)合理(li)安排(pai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)路線；第三(san)要(yao)對(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場(chang)(chang)(chang)和附近(jin)的排(pai)水管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)有清楚的了解，規劃設計(ji)更好的排(pai)水路線，必(bi)(bi)要(yao)時搭(da)建臨(lin)時排(pai)水管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)，防(fang)止施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)污(wu)水流(liu)入其(qi)他位置(zhi)。第四，如果施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場(chang)(chang)(chang)有橋梁或其(qi)他建筑物，設計(ji)人(ren)員必(bi)(bi)須查明橋墩、橋臺基礎(chu)、建筑基樁(zhuang)等，以避免管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的破(po)壞性影(ying)響(xiang)。集美區DN1400鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)頂管(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)每米價格(ge)堅持上道(dao)(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量達(da)到合格(ge)標(biao)準，并及時上報監理(li)，監理(li)認定工(gong)(gong)(gong)序質(zhi)量合格(ge)后，下道(dao)(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序才能施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的原(yuan)則。

工程概況船舶(bo)工業基地濱海(hai)路污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)網工程從工業污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理廠至市政(zheng)污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理廠管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)輸(shu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)規(gui)模為(wei)5萬m3/d，采用(yong)DN1400纏(chan)繞結構壁排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)聚(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)（HDPE）管(guan)(guan)(guan)，重力流(liu)(liu)，全長7042m，過(guo)路及過(guo)河時改為(wei)DN1400鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)，壁厚(hou)12mm,或DN900鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)，壁厚(hou)9mm，頂管(guan)(guan)(guan)施工；市政(zheng)污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理廠至工業凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)廠輸(shu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)規(gui)模為(wei)5萬m3/d，污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理廠至2號(hao)提升泵站(zhan)前為(wei)DN1400纏(chan)繞壁結構管(guan)(guan)(guan)（HDPE），重力流(liu)(liu)，全長2848m，2號(hao)泵站(zhan)后采用(yong)2根DN600給水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)聚(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)(PE)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，全長6346m,過(guo)路、過(guo)河時采用(yong)DN600給水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)聚(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)(PE)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，(壁厚(hou)46.3mm)定(ding)向鉆敷設。

泥(ni)(ni)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)推進(jin)(jin)(jin)工(gong)(gong)法有如(ru)下(xia)特點：⑴通(tong)過(guo)刀(dao)盤(pan)以及頂速平衡(heng)正面(mian)土壓力(li)，調節循(xun)環水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓力(li)用(yong)以平衡(heng)地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)壓力(li)；⑵采用(yong)流體輸(shu)送切(qie)削入泥(ni)(ni)倉(cang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土體，頂進(jin)(jin)(jin)過(guo)程中不間斷，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)速度(du)快；⑶無(wu)需(xu)地(di)基改良或降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處理，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)后地(di)表沉降小(xiao)。泥(ni)(ni)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)式推進(jin)(jin)(jin)工(gong)(gong)法所采用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)掘(jue)(jue)進(jin)(jin)(jin)機(ji)常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有刀(dao)盤(pan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)伸(shen)(shen)縮(suo)式泥(ni)(ni)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平衡(heng)掘(jue)(jue)進(jin)(jin)(jin)機(ji)和偏心破碎泥(ni)(ni)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平衡(heng)掘(jue)(jue)進(jin)(jin)(jin)機(ji)。刀(dao)盤(pan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)伸(shen)(shen)縮(suo)式泥(ni)(ni)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平衡(heng)掘(jue)(jue)進(jin)(jin)(jin)機(ji)如(ru)需(xu)穿(chuan)越建(jian)筑物、構造物、埋設物等對地(di)面(mian)沉降要求很小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)采用(yong)刀(dao)盤(pan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)伸(shen)(shen)縮(suo)式泥(ni)(ni)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平衡(heng)掘(jue)(jue)進(jin)(jin)(jin)機(ji)，此種機(ji)頭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刀(dao)盤(pan)是一個(ge)直徑比掘(jue)(jue)進(jin)(jin)(jin)機(ji)前殼體略小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)有一定剛度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓盤(pan)。圓盤(pan)中還嵌有切(qie)削刀(dao)和刀(dao)架。刀(dao)盤(pan)和切(qie)削刀(dao)架之間可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以同步伸(shen)(shen)縮(suo)，也可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以單獨伸(shen)(shen)縮(suo)。安全員每天做好施(shi)工(gong)(gong)現場巡視工(gong)(gong)作，發現問題(ti)及時制(zhi)止糾正，重大安全隱(yin)患(huan)要下(xia)達整改通(tong)知單并(bing)報(bao)上級部門處理。

注(zhu)漿(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本要求：1、為了減(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)與周(zhou)圍(wei)土(tu)層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦力，頂(ding)進(jin)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)與土(tu)體(ti)之間要留有一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)間隙，其(qi)大小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)一(yi)般不應小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于20mm；如果(guo)土(tu)層(ceng)較(jiao)為堅硬(ying)，一(yi)般要求間隙宜達(da)到30mm左右(you)。觸(chu)變泥漿(jiang)在(zai)(zai)頂(ding)進(jin)過程中(zhong)(zhong)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)與周(zhou)圍(wei)土(tu)體(ti)之間可(ke)以(yi)形成(cheng)連(lian)續不斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)潤(run)滑減(jian)阻(zu)保(bao)(bao)護膜(mo)(mo)，從而達(da)到減(jian)少摩(mo)擦阻(zu)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)效果(guo)；2、在(zai)(zai)進(jin)行管(guan)(guan)節注(zhu)漿(jiang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，要時(shi)刻確(que)保(bao)(bao)注(zhu)漿(jiang)原材(cai)料具有流(liu)(liu)動性(xing)，同時(shi)也需(xu)要確(que)保(bao)(bao)注(zhu)漿(jiang)材(cai)料具有一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)稠度，以(yi)保(bao)(bao)證注(zhu)入的(de)(de)(de)(de)漿(jiang)體(ti)不會(hui)滲漏(lou)到周(zhou)邊(bian)地層(ceng)當中(zhong)(zhong)去，這(zhe)樣才能形成(cheng)優良的(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)阻(zu)潤(run)滑膜(mo)(mo)；3、在(zai)(zai)實際的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)頂(ding)進(jin)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，因為會(hui)存在(zai)(zai)泥漿(jiang)滲流(liu)(liu)現(xian)(xian)象，觸(chu)變泥漿(jiang)總量(liang)會(hui)有一(yi)定程度的(de)(de)(de)(de)損失。如果(guo)出現(xian)(xian)遺漏(lou)量(liang)過多的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況，就需(xu)要立即補漿(jiang)。也唯有在(zai)(zai)滲流(liu)(liu)作用達(da)到穩(wen)定狀態(tai)后，管(guan)(guan)道(dao)周(zhou)圍(wei)方(fang)可(ke)建立起穩(wen)定而連(lian)續的(de)(de)(de)(de)泥漿(jiang)套。機械作業要嚴格(ge)按文明(ming)(ming)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有關規定進(jin)行，嚴禁擾民(min)影響(xiang)市容的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)象出現(xian)(xian)。思明(ming)(ming)區DN1000鋼管(guan)(guan)頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)每米價格(ge)

供貨(huo)方交付材料之后(hou)的服(fu)務和支持能(neng)力。湖里區DN2400非開挖頂管(guan)施工費(fei)用

施工(gong)(gong)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)1、測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)準備(bei)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)（1）進(jin)場后(hou)對甲方(fang)提供的(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)點、水(shui)準點和(he)標高(gao)進(jin)行現場復測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，填(tian)妥《測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)復核記錄》并簽字備(bei)案。（2）測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)網(wang)的(de)(de)布設(she)：根(gen)據甲方(fang)所提供的(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)點及(ji)國家的(de)(de)有關(guan)規(gui)范(fan)和(he)有關(guan)設(she)計、施工(gong)(gong)規(gui)范(fan)的(de)(de)要求進(jin)行，以測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)網(wang)作(zuo)為該工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)平面、高(gao)程(cheng)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)和(he)施工(gong)(gong)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)放樣的(de)(de)首級控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)及(ji)依據。（3）各種測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)儀器(qi)、工(gong)(gong)具(ju)均應按有關(guan)的(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)管(guan)理規(gui)定，在使用前送有關(guan)部門進(jin)行檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，取得有關(guan)持(chi)檢(jian)部門的(de)(de)合格(ge)證書后(hou)才能使用。使用過程(cheng)中有關(guan)人員應經常對所用的(de)(de)儀器(qi)、工(gong)(gong)具(ju)進(jin)行自檢(jian)、自校使之保(bao)持(chi)在良好的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態(tai)中。湖(hu)里區DN2400非(fei)開挖頂管(guan)施工(gong)(gong)費用

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