需組(zu)合加工、配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)加工、零星(xing)裝配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)的(de)內容。a，組(zu)合鏜上托、底座(zuo)的(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)套(tao)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)柱(zhu)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。b.用帶凸緣沖頭(tou)把配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)鉆(zhan)(zhan)上托螺(luo)(luo)紋底孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)并攻(gong)絲(si)，作(zuo)方向標記。c.將凸模(mo)(mo)裝入固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)板(ban)(ban)，組(zu)合磨平位(wei)，用螺(luo)(luo)釘(ding)將墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)和凸模(mo)(mo)拉(la)(la)緊，再按(an)(an)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)板(ban)(ban)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)鉆(zhan)(zhan)墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)過孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，作(zuo)好方向標記。墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)送淬火后磨平。d.用固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)板(ban)(ban)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)鉆(zhan)(zhan)上托螺(luo)(luo)釘(ding)過孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，鑣沉(chen)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。并按(an)(an)壓(ya)緊留下(xia)的(de)痕跡鉆(zhan)(zhan)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)凸模(mo)(mo)的(de)螺(luo)(luo)釘(ding)頭(tou)部(bu)讓位(wei)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。e.用凹模(mo)(mo)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)鉆(zhan)(zhan)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)卸(xie)料(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)螺(luo)(luo)釘(ding)過孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)并鑣沉(chen)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，再用螺(luo)(luo)釘(ding)壓(ya)緊并調正位(wei)置后組(zu)合加工銷孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)（固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)卸(xie)料(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)銷孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)可適當偏(pian)大，好拆卸(xie))。f．按(an)(an)上托孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)磨導(dao)(dao)(dao)套(tao)并壓(ya)入。再按(an)(an)導(dao)(dao)(dao)套(tao)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)及底座(zuo)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)磨導(dao)(dao)(dao)柱(zhu)，完成模(mo)(mo)架裝配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)。g.按(an)(an)凹模(mo)(mo)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)磨擋料(liao)(liao)釘(ding)，同時(shi)按(an)(an)尺寸(cun)磨頭(tou)部(bu)。20世紀(ji)60年代初(chu)期(qi)，國外飛機(ji)、汽(qi)車制(zhi)造公司開始研究計算機(ji)在模(mo)(mo)具(ju)設計與(yu)制(zhi)造中的(de)應用。北京拉(la)(la)絲(si)冷(leng)沖模(mo)(mo)具(ju)設計

冷(leng)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)藝及模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)設(she)(she)計。冷(leng)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)間(jian)隙取值(zhi)應根據所(suo)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)材料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)質、材料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du)(du)、以(yi)(yi)及圖紙對沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件沖(chong)(chong)(chong)裁斷(duan)面的(de)(de)(de)粗糙度(du)(du)要求(qiu)來確定。一(yi)般沒有(you)特殊(shu)要求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件，可以(yi)(yi)按照通(tong)常的(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)標準來確定間(jian)隙值(zhi)。冷(leng)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)根據工(gong)(gong)序組合程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)分類：（1）單工(gong)(gong)序模(mo)(mo)(mo) 在(zai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)次(ci)行(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，只完(wan)成一(yi)道(dao)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)序的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)。（2）復(fu)合模(mo)(mo)(mo) 只有(you)一(yi)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)，在(zai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)次(ci)行(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，在(zai)同(tong)一(yi)工(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)上同(tong)時完(wan)成兩(liang)道(dao)或(huo)(huo)兩(liang)道(dao)以(yi)(yi)上沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)序的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)。（3）級(ji)進模(mo)(mo)(mo)（也稱連續(xu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)） 在(zai)毛坯的(de)(de)(de)送進方向上，具(ju)有(you)兩(liang)個(ge)或(huo)(huo)更多的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)，在(zai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)次(ci)行(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，在(zai)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)上逐次(ci)完(wan)成兩(liang)道(dao)或(huo)(huo)兩(liang)道(dao)以(yi)(yi)上沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)序的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)。北京拉絲冷(leng)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)設(she)(she)計常溫下利用(yong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)機(ji)(ji)并依靠模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)對金屬材料(liao)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)使(shi)之(zhi)變形(xing)以(yi)(yi)獲得所(suo)需形(xing)狀的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)稱為冷(leng)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。

隨(sui)著產品生產大量使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)沖壓機床，1960～1970年，冷(leng)沖模(mo)具(ju)已從原來(lai)單沖落料、單沖孔模(mo)具(ju)發展(zhan)為落料、沖孔復合模(mo)。又由于冷(leng)沖模(mo)架標準件的(de)出現，使(shi)(shi)模(mo)具(ju)設(she)計結構形式多種，精(jing)度也由此提高。同時(shi)，隨(sui)著熱處理技術(shu)的(de)進(jin)步和(he)檢測(ce)手(shou)段(duan)的(de)完善，冷(leng)沖模(mo)具(ju)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)提高5～7倍。這一時(shi)期，還由于成(cheng)型磨削、電(dian)脈(mo)沖和(he)線切割(ge)機等(deng)機床相繼使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)，又采用(yong)(yong)硬質合金為模(mo)具(ju)材料，冷(leng)沖模(mo)具(ju)的(de)制作工藝(yi)有(you)了新(xin)的(de)發展(zhan)。硬質合金冷(leng)沖模(mo)具(ju)的(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)從原來(lai)3.5萬(wan)次(ci)躍增到150萬(wan)次(ci)以上。

冷沖壓工(gong)藝(yi)可分為下(xia)列五類(lei)：１、 沖裁(cai)-沿封閉(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)或(huo)敞開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輪(lun)廓將(jiang)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分與另一(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分分離的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)。２、 彎(wan)曲-對(dui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)坯(pi)(pi)料(liao)或(huo)彎(wan)曲件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)半成品，將(jiang)其一(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分相(xiang)對(dui)另一(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分轉過(guo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)角度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝(yi)。３、 拉伸-將(jiang)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)坯(pi)(pi)料(liao)變成任(ren)一(yi)(yi)(yi)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)心件(jian)(jian)，或(huo)將(jiang)空(kong)心件(jian)(jian)半成品的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸和形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)作(zuo)進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步改(gai)變的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)。４、 成形(xing)(xing)-用(yong)(yong)各種性(xing)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)局部(bu)(bu)(bu)變形(xing)(xing)，來改(gai)變零件(jian)(jian)或(huo)毛坯(pi)(pi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)。５、 立體沖壓-利用(yong)(yong)金(jin)屬(shu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)在壓力作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)塑(su)性(xing)流動，按材(cai)(cai)料(liao)體積作(zuo)重新分配的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法，使毛坯(pi)(pi)或(huo)半成品改(gai)變其形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)，輪(lun)廓或(huo)厚度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)。彎(wan)曲模是使坯(pi)(pi)料(liao)彎(wan)成一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)角度(du)或(huo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沖模。

按生(sheng)產(chan)適(shi)應(ying)性分類的(de)冷沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)：1、簡(jian)易(yi)(yi)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)：簡(jian)易(yi)(yi)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)又(you)稱經濟沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。主要有橡皮模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、聚氨(an)酯模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、環氧(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、低(di)熔(rong)點合(he)金(jin)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、薄板沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)等。簡(jian)易(yi)(yi)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)成本低(di)、制(zhi)造周(zhou)期短，特(te)別適(shi)于(yu)新產(chan)品開發試(shi)制(zhi)和(he)小批(pi)量制(zhi)品零件。簡(jian)易(yi)(yi)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)建議(yi)選擇9SiCr、9Mn2V、GD(6CrNiMnSiMoV)、Cr2Mn2SiWMoV、以及火焰(yan)淬火鋼CH-1(7CrSiMnMoV)等國(guo)產(chan)高(gao)(gao)碳(tan)低(di)合(he)金(jin)類型冷作模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)鋼。2、硬(ying)質合(he)金(jin)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)：硬(ying)質合(he)金(jin)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)結構和(he)普通(tong)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)類似，只是凸、凹模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)采用高(gao)(gao)硬(ying)度、強度高(gao)(gao)、耐磨損、耐高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)及熱膨(peng)脹系(xi)數(shu)小的(de)硬(ying)質合(he)金(jin)材料制(zhi)成。常用于(yu)批(pi)量特(te)大的(de)零件沖(chong)(chong)(chong)裁或(huo)拉深。直到40年代初(chu)，才出現水壓機(ji)冷沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)。重慶(qing)拉伸(shen)冷沖(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)市場報價(jia)

沖壓模占模具總量的(de)40%以上。北(bei)京拉絲冷沖模具設計

模(mo)(mo)具(ju)CAD/CAE/CAM技術，對沖(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)技術性能的(de)研究已經成為發展沖(chong)(chong)壓成形技術的(de)中心和關鍵(jian)。20世紀(ji)60年(nian)代初期，國外(wai)飛機(ji)、汽車制(zhi)造(zao)公司開始研究計(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)機(ji)在模(mo)(mo)具(ju)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)制(zhi)造(zao)中的(de)應用(yong)。通過以計(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)機(ji)為主要技術手段，以數學模(mo)(mo)型為中心，采(cai)用(yong)人機(ji)互相結合、各盡(jin)所長的(de)方(fang)式(shi)，把模(mo)(mo)具(ju)的(de)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、分析、計(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)、制(zhi)造(zao)、檢驗、生(sheng)產過程(cheng)連(lian)成一個(ge)有機(ji)整體，使模(mo)(mo)具(ju)技術進入到綜合應用(yong)計(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)機(ji)進行(xing)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)、制(zhi)造(zao)的(de)新階段。模(mo)(mo)具(ju)的(de)高精度、高壽命、高效率成為模(mo)(mo)具(ju)技術進步的(de)特征。北京(jing)拉絲冷沖(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)

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