這(zhe)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)非(fei)常廣，小到手機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，大到汽車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁，防(fang)反(fan)需求都是(shi)必不可少的(de)(de)(de)。防(fang)反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)顧名思義，就是(shi)防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源反(fan)接(jie)對充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)或者(zhe)負(fu)載(zai)造成(cheng)不可逆(ni)的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)壞，而這(zhe)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)簡(jian)單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法就是(shi)利用(yong)二(er)(er)極管的(de)(de)(de)單(dan)向導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性。在(zai)(zai)正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源處串聯一(yi)個(ge)二(er)(er)極管，正(zheng)常情況(kuang)下二(er)(er)極管導通，燈泡正(zheng)常工作。二(er)(er)極管截(jie)止(zhi)(zhi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源無(wu)法形(xing)成(cheng)回路(lu)，燈泡不工作，可以有效防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源接(jie)反(fan)的(de)(de)(de)問題。以上也是(shi)簡(jian)單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，防(fang)反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)也能夠防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)復雜(za)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)倒灌。但(dan)實際應用(yong)中(zhong)，因為二(er)(er)極管本身存在(zai)(zai)壓(ya)降（0.7V左右(you)），如(ru)果有2A的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)通過，理論就會產生1.4W的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)耗，且發熱量也會較大，因此現在(zai)(zai)大多(duo)將(jiang)二(er)(er)極管換成(cheng)MOSFET、整流(liu)橋或者(zhe)是(shi)保險(xian)絲(si)加(jia)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)管的(de)(de)(de)組合。穩(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)在(zai)(zai)工業控制領域中(zhong)用(yong)于保持設備運行的(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定性。光明區出口穩(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)作用(yong)

穩壓(ya)二(er)極(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)也分很多種類，開關二(er)極(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)、肖(xiao)特(te)基(ji)(ji)二(er)極(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)、穩壓(ya)二(er)極(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)、TVS管(guan)(guan)、ESD保護(hu)管(guan)(guan)等(deng)等(deng)……我們要講的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)二(er)極(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)，其中(zhong)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)二(er)極(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)又分為普通(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)二(er)極(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)（材料多為硅、鍺）和(he)(he)肖(xiao)特(te)基(ji)(ji)二(er)極(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)（材料為金屬(shu)和(he)(he)硅），乃(nai)至后續(xu)的(de)(de)(de)碳化硅二(er)極(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)。但(dan)對于(yu)這些管(guan)(guan)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)性和(he)(he)參數不(bu)做贅述，主要想帶大(da)家一起了解的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)這些管(guan)(guan)子(zi)在(zai)電(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)常見應(ying)用，這些應(ying)用樸實無華且簡單，但(dan)在(zai)電(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)不(bu)可或缺，相信了解完(wan)之后，大(da)家對這類器件也會(hui)有一個較為清楚(chu)的(de)(de)(de)認知。南山區常規穩壓(ya)電(dian)路(lu)廠家供應(ying)穩壓(ya)電(dian)路(lu)可以(yi)通(tong)(tong)過負載調整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)、反饋電(dian)路(lu)調整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)和(he)(he)穩壓(ya)器選擇(ze)等(deng)方式來優化。

7805是(shi)一個三(san)端固定式(shi)集(ji)成的穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓芯片，我在維修使(shi)用過程(cheng)中(zhong)遇到(dao)過五(wu)種(zhong)外(wai)觀封(feng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)形式(shi)，常見的有直(zhi)插(cha)式(shi)LM7805，TO-220封(feng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)，這種(zhong)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓芯片在電飯(fan)鍋電路中(zhong)可(ke)以見到(dao)；直(zhi)插(cha)式(shi)78L05，TO-92A封(feng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)，這種(zhong)器件在單片機電路中(zhong)可(ke)以見到(dao)；貼片式(shi)78L05這三(san)種(zhong)，另(ling)外(wai)還(huan)會見到(dao)功(gong)(gong)率大一些的貼片式(shi)78M05，TO-252封(feng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)；偶爾也(ye)會見到(dao)外(wai)金屬(shu)封(feng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)的LM78H05的大功(gong)(gong)率穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓集(ji)成芯片。另(ling)一方面(mian)，從(cong)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓電路的負(fu)載端來說如果(guo)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓電路的輸出(chu)端過載了(le)也(ye)會使(shi)7805發熱。從(cong)芯片端來說，如果(guo)輸出(chu)端短路或者穩(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)壓塊被擊穿了(le)同樣(yang)會發熱的。

增加輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。開(kai)關(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)閉(bi)環(huan)穩壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)是利用(yong)(yong)TL431的(de)開(kai)或(huo)關(guan)(guan)兩種狀態來調節開(kai)關(guan)(guan)的(de)占空比來控(kong)制輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)穩定。用(yong)(yong)萬用(yong)(yong)表測(ce)量時(shi)，若(ruo)(ruo) lC 兩極(ji)間電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻正常(chang)，則可判(pan)斷TL431正常(chang)。使用(yong)(yong)維修電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)上電(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)試時(shi)，在改變電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)情況下，若(ruo)(ruo)TL431極(ji)對地(di)有高(gao)低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)兩次變化，則可判(pan)斷TL431正常(chang)。并聯穩壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)是TL431431常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)，輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya) Vout=(1+R1/R2)Vref。選擇不同的(de) R1 和 R2 的(de)值(zhi)可以得(de)到從 2.5V 到 36V 范圍內的(de)任意電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)輸出(chu)，特別(bie)是當 R1=R2 時(shi)，VO=5V。穩壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)設計需要考慮電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)波動、噪(zao)聲干(gan)擾和溫度變化等因素。

并聯(lian)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)有(you)所提高，線路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)也不(bu)(bu)復雜，其優點是(shi)(shi)：有(you)過載自保護(hu)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)，輸(shu)出斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)時調整(zheng)管(guan)(guan)不(bu)(bu)會損壞;在(zai)負載變化(hua)小時，穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)比較好;對瞬(shun)時變化(hua)的適應性(xing)(xing)較好。但并聯(lian)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)也有(you)比較大的缺點：效率較低，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)輕負載時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)幾乎全部消耗在(zai)限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)和調整(zheng)管(guan)(guan)上(shang);輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)調節(jie)范疇很(hen)(hen)小;穩(wen)定度不(bu)(bu)易做得很(hen)(hen)高。這些固有(you)的缺點很(hen)(hen)難改進，所以現在(zai)普遍(bian)利用(yong)的都是(shi)(shi)串聯(lian)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。簡(jian)單的串聯(lian)晶體(ti)管(guan)(guan)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。調整(zheng)管(guan)(guan)T與負載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R。相串聯(lian)，當由于供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)生變化(hua)引(yin)起電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)波動時，它都能(neng)及時地加以調節(jie)，使(shi)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)保持基(ji)本(ben)穩(wen)定，因此它被稱做調整(zheng)管(guan)(guan)。穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)Dz為調整(zheng)管(guan)(guan)提供基(ji)準電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，使(shi)調整(zheng)管(guan)(guan)基(ji)極電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位不(bu)(bu)變。R。是(shi)(shi)D2的保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，限制通過D2的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，起保護(hu)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)的作用(yong)。穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中非常重(zhong)要的一種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。佛山固電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)批發(fa)廠家

穩壓電路在醫療設(she)備領域中用(yong)于保持使用(yong)效果的(de)穩定性。光明區出口穩壓電路作用(yong)

在(zai)開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)當(dang)中我(wo)們經常看(kan)見這樣的(de)(de)(de)反饋電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，以TL431構(gou)成誤差放大(da)器(qi)，以光耦(ou)進行原副邊隔(ge)離的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)結構(gou)。R3和R5決定輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)大(da)小，C4和R6構(gou)成補償(chang)網絡。當(dang)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)有變(bian)化，導致光耦(ou)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)端(duan)二極管(guan)(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)變(bian)化，從而控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)芯片開(kai)關(guan)管(guan)(guan)通斷頻率，使輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)保持不(bu)變(bian)。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)UPS的(de)(de)(de)組成部分包括整流(liu)(liu)器(qi)、鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、逆變(bian)器(qi)、靜態(tai)開(kai)關(guan)和控(kong)制(zhi)系統等。一(yi)般應用的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)在(zai)線式UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，它(ta)先把市電(dian)(dian)(dian)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)轉變(bian)為穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，提供給(gei)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和逆變(bian)器(qi)，然后逆變(bian)器(qi)重新(xin)被變(bian)成平穩(wen)的(de)(de)(de)、純潔的(de)(de)(de)、高質量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)。它(ta)能(neng)夠完全消除在(zai)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)中會出(chu)(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)問題。光明(ming)區出(chu)(chu)口穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)作用

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