管理(li)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)（工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管理(li)）的(de)(de)(de)上(shang)級(ji)(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，這是學(xue)(xue)(xue)術界普遍認(ren)可的(de)(de)(de)；另外(wai)，幾(ji)所長(chang)期(qi)從事(shi)土木工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建造(zao)(zao)與(yu)管理(li)研(yan)究的(de)(de)(de)院校也有(you)對其研(yan)究；極個別院校在(zai)技術經(jing)濟(ji)及管理(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)設(she)置(zhi)該研(yan)究方(fang)向(xiang)。基于(yu)此，下面我針對目(mu)(mu)前(qian)普遍被學(xue)(xue)(xue)術界認(ren)可的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、土木工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)兩(liang)個與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)（工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管理(li)）的(de)(de)(de)具(ju)有(you)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，分別統計了2017年相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)博(bo)士、碩士研(yan)究生招(zhao)生單位的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究方(fang)向(xiang)，詳見(jian)(jian)表1、表2。通過表1、表2可以(yi)看出：我國工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)專業在(zai)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)建設(she)層面已經(jing)有(you)大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)單位在(zai)招(zhao)收(shou)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)研(yan)究方(fang)向(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)碩士、博(bo)士研(yan)究生了。事(shi)實(shi)上(shang)，有(you)更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)單位在(zai)本(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、專科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)層次招(zhao)收(shou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)專業學(xue)(xue)(xue)生，如表3、表4所示。私信提問(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)很多，但由于(yu)我平時也有(you)自己要做的(de)(de)(de)事(shi)情，可能(neng)不(bu)能(neng)及時一(yi)一(yi)答復，請見(jian)(jian)諒!【如果(guo)你(ni)的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題很具(ju)有(you)針對性(xing)】，那么推薦(jian)使(shi)用知乎【付費(fei)咨(zi)詢(xun)】功能(neng)!謝(xie)謝(xie)理(li)解!大家好，歡迎關(guan)(guan)注知乎【工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管理(li)】專欄地址：工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管理(li)~在(zai)本(ben)(ben)欄目(mu)(mu)里我會(hui)陸續更(geng)新與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管理(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)文章~也非常歡迎大家投稿到本(ben)(ben)欄目(mu)(mu)！本(ben)(ben)欄目(mu)(mu)現設(she)置(zhi)【問(wen)(wen)題提出】、【名家講(jiang)壇】、【行業視(shi)角】、【學(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)視(shi)角】、【探索爭鳴】共五個板塊。本(ben)(ben)欄目(mu)(mu)長(chang)期(qi)接(jie)受【投稿】。性(xing)、復合型全(quan)過程(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)咨(zi)詢(xun)人才，是目(mu)(mu)前(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)咨(zi)詢(xun)企業的(de)(de)(de)重要任(ren)務(wu)。山東工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)甲級(ji)(ji)資質公(gong)(gong)司合作加盟(meng)設(she)立分公(gong)(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)標準

一般由定(ding)額(e)(e)管理(li)總站(zhan)定(ding)期(qi)(qi)發布市(shi)場價格信息單(dan)價，各(ge)個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)可(ke)以根據(ju)這些(xie)單(dan)價，結合每(mei)個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)發生(sheng)的(de)實際數(shu)(shu)量，計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)其費(fei)(fei)(fei)用；開辦(ban)費(fei)(fei)(fei)用的(de)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)考慮到(dao)(dao)各(ge)個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)外部環境。（十）綠(lv)化(hua)養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)費(fei)(fei)(fei)用計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)近幾年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來，為(wei)(wei)(wei)了貫徹市(shi)的(de)將上海(hai)(hai)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)國際前列(lie)大(da)都市(shi)的(de)要求，各(ge)級(ji)的(de)、企業、事業單(dan)位為(wei)(wei)(wei)園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)事業的(de)發展(zhan)，投入了大(da)量的(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)資(zi)金，隨著園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)綠(lv)化(hua)面(mian)積的(de)快速(su)增(zeng)長，如何計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)費(fei)(fei)(fei)用的(de)矛盾(dun)日趨(qu)突(tu)出。綠(lv)化(hua)養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)工(gong)(gong)作是綠(lv)化(hua)種植(zhi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)內容的(de)延(yan)續，為(wei)(wei)(wei)了適應當(dang)前市(shi)場經濟的(de)要求，使綠(lv)化(hua)養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)費(fei)(fei)(fei)用的(de)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)更加規(gui)范、科(ke)學、合理(li)，由市(shi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)定(ding)額(e)(e)管理(li)總站(zhan)依(yi)據(ju)"九三"園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)定(ding)額(e)(e)的(de)模(mo)式，編(bian)制了《上海(hai)(hai)市(shi)園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)綠(lv)化(hua)養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)補(bu)充定(ding)額(e)(e)（試行）》（以下(xia)簡稱(cheng)"養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)定(ding)額(e)(e)"），并(bing)于一九九九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十二月(yue)一日起(qi)執行。園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)植(zhi)物的(de)養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)，通常可(ke)以分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)三個(ge)(ge)階段。的(de)階段稱(cheng)之為(wei)(wei)(wei)栽植(zhi)期(qi)(qi)養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)，該養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)期(qi)(qi)費(fei)(fei)(fei)用已包(bao)括在"九三"園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)定(ding)額(e)(e)子目(mu)基價中(zhong)，不能再(zai)重復計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)期(qi)(qi)養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)費(fei)(fei)(fei)用。第二階段稱(cheng)之為(wei)(wei)(wei)成活率期(qi)(qi)養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)，根據(ju)市(shi)標《園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)植(zhi)物栽植(zhi)技術規(gui)定(ding)》，養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)時間(jian)從的(de)階段結束之日起(qi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)。其中(zhong)當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)六月(yue)份前種植(zhi)的(de)苗木到(dao)(dao)當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)九月(yue)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)止(zhi)；當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)六月(yue)份后種植(zhi)的(de)苗木，必須(xu)到(dao)(dao)第二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)九月(yue)份為(wei)(wei)(wei)止(zhi)。其養(yang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)費(fei)(fei)(fei)用的(de)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)，根據(ju)苗木品種、數(shu)(shu)量。山東工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造價甲(jia)級(ji)資(zi)質公司合作加盟設(she)(she)立分(fen)公司的(de)標準到(dao)(dao)保證，造成經濟利益無(wu)法(fa)比較大(da)化(hua)，項(xiang)目(mu)能否平順的(de)進行下(xia)去也(ye)會。

包括概算(suan)(suan)、預(yu)算(suan)(suan)與結(jie)算(suan)(suan)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)，各分項合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)“合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)”與實施(shi)(shi)結(jie)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)等(deng)。這些比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)可(ke)以通過建立合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)管理臺(tai)帳、建立投(tou)資(zi)目標值內容動(dong)態對(dui)比(bi)表等(deng)方法來實施(shi)(shi)。對(dui)于(yu)全過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)服務(wu)(wu)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)師(shi)(shi)除(chu)了計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)已發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)投(tou)資(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數據(ju)，反映(ying)已完(wan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)，并作(zuo)計(ji)(ji)劃值與實際(ji)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)外，還要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)師(shi)(shi)分析(xi)產生(sheng)(sheng)偏(pian)差(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因并提(ti)(ti)出(chu)投(tou)資(zi)控(kong)制(zhi)措施(shi)(shi)意見。動(dong)態的(de)(de)(de)(de)偏(pian)差(cha)分析(xi)還應(ying)延伸到對(dui)未完(wan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)預(yu)測工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，從而使工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)測工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)成為不(bu)可(ke)缺乏的(de)(de)(de)(de)內容。完(wan)成竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)結(jie)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)核(he)(he)或合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)清(qing)算(suan)(suan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。協助(zhu)業主正確編制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)結(jie)算(suan)(suan)報(bao)表等(deng)資(zi)料文(wen)件，協助(zhu)業主完(wan)成財務(wu)(wu)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)決(jue)算(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)審(shen)核(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)終(zhong)總(zong)結(jie)報(bao)告(gao)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)驗收(shou)合(he)(he)格之(zhi)后，表明業主或其代理人對(dui)承包商的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)接受，承包商除(chu)了保(bao)修期外的(de)(de)(de)(de)義務(wu)(wu)全部完(wan)成。此時(shi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)師(shi)(shi)應(ying)該(gai)根據(ju)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)中(zhong)關(guan)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)價(jia)(jia)(jia)款的(de)(de)(de)(de)規定及(ji)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)增減(jian)情況(kuang)進(jin)行竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)結(jie)算(suan)(suan)及(ji)未付尾款的(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)編制(zhi)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)結(jie)算(suan)(suan)和合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)清(qing)算(suan)(suan)報(bao)告(gao)，的(de)(de)(de)(de)終(zhong)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)結(jie)報(bao)告(gao)。部分建設(she)項目，根據(ju)國家政策規定還可(ke)能接受的(de)(de)(de)(de)有關(guan)部門實施(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)計(ji)(ji)”。此時(shi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)師(shi)(shi)應(ying)當為審(shen)計(ji)(ji)人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)計(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)幫助(zhu)。完(wan)成業主提(ti)(ti)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)其他合(he)(he)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)控(kong)制(zhi)服務(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。

輸配電(dian)）工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)就業(ye)前(qian)景(jing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)行業(ye)就業(ye)前(qian)景(jing)很(hen)好，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)是(shi)屬于(yu)土(tu)木(mu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)為(wei)每個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都會需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)預(yu)算，就這個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作而言是(shi)必(bi)不(bu)可(ke)少的(de)(de)(de)，所(suo)以對于(yu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)這個(ge)(ge)行業(ye)來說也是(shi)十分可(ke)觀。比如在安(an)裝(zhuang)，土(tu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)，市政等(deng)等(deng)方(fang)面(mian)，都需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)用到造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)知識，是(shi)關乎民(min)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)事(shi)情，重要(yao)(yao)而且嚴(yan)謹(jin)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)考試(shi)十分嚴(yan)格，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)專業(ye)考試(shi)通(tong)過率較(jiao)低(di)，所(suo)以工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)人才比較(jiao)稀缺(que)，市場(chang)需(xu)(xu)求量大，而市場(chang)卻供應不(bu)足。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)主要(yao)(yao)課程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)畫(hua)法幾何(he)與工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)制圖(tu)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)制圖(tu)與CAD、管理(li)(li)(li)(li)學(xue)原理(li)(li)(li)(li)、房屋(wu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)學(xue)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)材料、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)力(li)學(xue)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)結(jie)構、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)管理(li)(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)經濟(ji)學(xue)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)計價(jia)(jia)、土(tu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)計量、安(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)管理(li)(li)(li)(li)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)合同(tong)管理(li)(li)(li)(li)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質量控制、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)管理(li)(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)概(gai)論、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)成(cheng)本會計學(xue)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)招標與合同(tong)管理(li)(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)案例分析、電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)學(xue)、流體力(li)學(xue)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)氣與施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、安(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)計價(jia)(jia)與計量、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)給排(pai)水工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)特(te)(te)點(dian)編輯工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)大額性要(yao)(yao)發揮(hui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)投資(zi)效用，其工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)都非常昂貴，動輒(zhe)數百(bai)萬、數千萬，特(te)(te)大的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)可(ke)達百(bai)億人民(min)幣。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)個(ge)(ge)別性、差異性任何(he)一項(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都有(you)特(te)(te)定的(de)(de)(de)用途、功能和(he)規模。因(yin)此。的(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)管控中，管理(li)(li)(li)(li)層身上肩負著重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)命。在崗位責任書的(de)(de)(de)規范。

第(di)四階段：21世紀(ji)以來——工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)本科(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)建立2003年，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)正式成(cheng)為教(jiao)育部《普通高(gao)等(deng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校本科(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)目錄(lu)》（1998年版(ban)）目錄(lu)外專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)代(dai)碼110105W。2012年，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)正式成(cheng)為教(jiao)育部《普通高(gao)等(deng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校本科(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)目錄(lu)》（2012年版(ban)）目錄(lu)內專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)代(dai)碼120105。迄(qi)今(jin)為止工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)這(zhe)個高(gao)等(deng)教(jiao)育界新興專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)暫時(shi)沒有上升到一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)或者二(er)級(ji)(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)碩(shuo)士(shi)(shi)點的(de)高(gao)度。雖然工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)既不(bu)算(suan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)，也不(bu)算(suan)二(er)級(ji)(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)，但(dan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)屬于一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)下設(she)的(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)。同時(shi)，由于其介(jie)于管理(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)門類與(yu)工(gong)(gong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)門類之間的(de)交叉學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)性質，部分(fen)院校在(zai)與(yu)其相關的(de)碩(shuo)士(shi)(shi)點中開設(she)了(le)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)。與(yu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)比較(jiao)接近的(de)碩(shuo)士(shi)(shi)點有：工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)相關碩(shuo)士(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)生(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)點分(fen)布(bu)圖1學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)術型(xing)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)（academicdegree）管理(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)門類管理(li)(li)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)下設(she)的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)管理(li)(li)二(er)級(ji)(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)碩(shuo)士(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)點（學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)碩(shuo)，應屆本科(ke)(ke)(ke)可考）。推薦(jian)院校：清華大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，天津大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，重慶大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，東(dong)南(nan)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，同濟大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，四川大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，西(xi)安建筑科(ke)(ke)(ke)技大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，天津理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，福建工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院，以及各的(de)設(she)置的(de)建筑大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。管理(li)(li)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)管理(li)(li)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)，而工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)又(you)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)管理(li)(li)的(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)之一(yi)(yi)(yi)，因此(ci)，根據學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)隸屬關系，管理(li)(li)科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)考研(yan)(yan)的(de)優先學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)(ke)。期決策、招標、竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)、評價(jia)(jia)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)，另外，還要考核工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)員的(de)綜(zong)合(he)。山東(dong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)甲級(ji)(ji)資質公司合(he)作(zuo)加盟設(she)立分(fen)公司的(de)標準

展，建設(she)方招標要(yao)求越(yue)來越(yue)的化、綜合(he)化，作(zuo)為(wei)知識(shi)輸出的工程咨詢(xun)。山東工程造(zao)價甲級資質公(gong)司合(he)作(zuo)加盟設(she)立(li)分公(gong)司的標準

第(di)二階段(duan)(duan)：20世紀80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)中期——工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)本(ben)(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)課程(cheng)(cheng)/方(fang)向的建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),天津大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的開(kai)(kai)設(she)了工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)這(zhe)門課程(cheng)(cheng)（本(ben)(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)）。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，成立(li)中國工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)概(gai)(gai)預算委員會(hui)。1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，原南(nan)方(fang)冶(ye)金(jin)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)（現(xian)江西理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)）開(kai)(kai)辦(ban)了國內的個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)本(ben)(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)。1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，由徐大(da)(da)圖教授（已故，原天津大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技(ji)術經(jing)濟與系(xi)統工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)系(xi)主任）創建(jian)(jian)(jian)了我國的個(ge)“技(ji)術經(jing)濟專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)”（本(ben)(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)）1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，原山東(dong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)（現(xian)山東(dong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)）開(kai)(kai)始(shi)招收(shou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)經(jing)濟管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)本(ben)(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)生。20世紀80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)，原沈陽(yang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)（現(xian)沈陽(yang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)）開(kai)(kai)始(shi)招收(shou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)經(jing)濟與管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)本(ben)(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)生。第(di)三階段(duan)(duan)：20世紀80年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)末~90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)——工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)/工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)與管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)本(ben)(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)的建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，三峽大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)在(zai)水(shui)電行業(ye)率先開(kai)(kai)辦(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，原中國工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)概(gai)(gai)預算定(ding)額委員會(hui)更名為中國建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)協會(hui)。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，原云南(nan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)（現(xian)昆明理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)）開(kai)(kai)始(shi)招收(shou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)與管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)本(ben)(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)生。1995年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，原安徽建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)（現(xian)安徽建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)）設(she)置技(ji)術經(jing)濟本(ben)(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)。1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，開(kai)(kai)始(shi)實施注冊造(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師制度。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，原四(si)川工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)（現(xian)西華大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)）建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)增設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)方(fang)向（本(ben)(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)）；大(da)(da)連(lian)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)土木工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)增設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)方(fang)向（本(ben)(ben)(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)）。山東(dong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)(jia)(jia)甲(jia)級資質公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)合作加盟設(she)立(li)分公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的標準(zhun)

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