鋁合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)中加(jia)入適量稀土元(yuan)素后合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)得(de)到凈化，得(de)到細化，改善合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)電化學性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)，可以(yi)(yi)綜合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)改善鋁合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)加(jia)工(gong)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)、熔煉鑄造工(gong)藝性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)，提高(gao)(gao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)耐(nai)腐蝕性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)、導熱性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)、耐(nai)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)及降低熱膨脹系數(shu)等。多數(shu)變(bian)形鋁合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)中，稀土元(yuan)素對合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)顯(xian)微及力學性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)影響具有相似性(xing)(xing)，稀土元(yuan)素可以(yi)(yi)明顯(xian)提高(gao)(gao)鋁合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)力學性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)，改善疲勞性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)、耐(nai)蝕性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)和(he)導電性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)等，但針對具體合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)和(he)稀土元(yuan)素存(cun)在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)成分范圍，一般認為(wei)(wei)鋁合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)中稀土元(yuan)素的(de)(de)(de)添加(jia)量的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量分數(shu)在(zai)～為(wei)(wei)宜。表1為(wei)(wei)稀土元(yuan)素的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)質(zhi)及其(qi)在(zai)鋁中的(de)(de)(de)基本特性(xing)(xing)。從表1以(yi)(yi)看出，Al-Sc和(he)Al-Er的(de)(de)(de)共晶溫(wen)度(du)(du)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)，其(qi)中Sc共晶點成分，w(Sc)為(wei)(wei)，其(qi)次是(shi)Er元(yuan)素，共晶點成分的(de)(de)(de)w(Er)約為(wei)(wei)。銅包鋼(gang)接地(di)(di)棒適用于不同土壤(rang)濕度(du)(du)、溫(wen)度(du)(du)、PH值及電阻率變(bian)化條件下的(de)(de)(de)接地(di)(di)建造。江西融熔銅復鋼(gang)銅包鋼(gang)接地(di)(di)圓線

銅(tong)(tong)包(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)接(jie)地(di)(di)極(ji)(ji)的(de)一般技術參(can)數為(wei)，銅(tong)(tong)層(ceng)結合(he)(he)度(du)：經附(fu)著(zhu)力試(shi)驗，除虎口鉗鉗口咬合(he)(he)外現(xian)剝(bo)(bo)落銅(tong)(tong)層(ceng)，其余部(bu)分(fen)銅(tong)(tong)鋼(gang)結合(he)(he)良好(hao)，未出現(xian)剝(bo)(bo)離現(xian)象。可以(yi)按要求的(de)長(chang)度(du)連接(jie)接(jie)地(di)(di)極(ji)(ji)，接(jie)地(di)(di)極(ji)(ji)可以(yi)深入(ru)地(di)(di)下30米，不受任何土(tu)壤電(dian)阻(zu)率及接(jie)地(di)(di)電(dian)阻(zu)的(de)氣候(hou)條件的(de)影響；銅(tong)(tong)層(ceng)厚度(du)0.25mm；銅(tong)(tong)層(ceng)可塑性：接(jie)地(di)(di)極(ji)(ji)彎曲 30 度(du)時，折(zhe)角內外緣無裂縫現(xian)象；抗拉強度(du)≥600N / ㎜？；平直度(du)誤差≤ 1mm/m。銅(tong)(tong)包(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)接(jie)地(di)(di)極(ji)(ji)的(de)表層(ceng)金屬為(wei)99.9%無氧銅(tong)(tong)；銅(tong)(tong)層(ceng)厚度(du)分(fen)別為(wei)：0.127mm、0.25mm、0.33mm、0.50mm、1.0mm等多種規格；銅(tong)(tong)層(ceng)結合(he)(he)力實驗持續(xu)體溫300℃達1小時以(yi)上后急冷，銅(tong)(tong)層(ceng)不剝(bo)(bo)落；耐腐蝕性測試(shi)實驗將該(gai)接(jie)地(di)(di)極(ji)(ji)放入(ru)濃度(du)10%的(de)硝酸液(ye)中(zhong)浸(jin)(jin)泡90小時以(yi)上，腐蝕失(shi)重不大于(yu)15%；電(dian)阻(zu)率低(di)于(yu)0.059Ωmm，從(cong)而滿(man)足特殊場合(he)(he)低(di)電(dian)阻(zu)的(de)要求。廣東熱浸(jin)(jin)用(yong)銅(tong)(tong)復鋼(gang)銅(tong)(tong)包(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)特點(dian)銅(tong)(tong)包(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)接(jie)地(di)(di)材(cai)(cai)料是采(cai)用(yong)機械(xie)包(bao)(bao)覆或連鑄法將黃銅(tong)(tong)材(cai)(cai)料附(fu)著(zhu)在鋼(gang)材(cai)(cai)外部(bu)制作而成 。

紹興雷(lei)鷹科(ke)技生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)包(bao)鋼接地(di)(di)絞(jiao)線(xian)由(you)一(yi)定根數的(de)(de)銅包(bao)鋼單(dan)線(xian)絞(jiao)制而成(cheng)。電(dian)鍍銅包(bao)鋼單(dan)線(xian)及(ji)絞(jiao)線(xian)是含99.9%的(de)(de)電(dian)解(jie)銅均勻電(dian)鍍到低(di)碳(tan)鋼芯上(shang)加工(gong)而成(cheng)的(de)(de)新型符合材(cai)料，該產(chan)(chan)品既有(you)鋼的(de)(de)強度和(he)韌(ren)性，又(you)有(you)銅的(de)(de)良好導電(dian)性和(he)耐腐(fu)蝕性能。相比銅單(dan)線(xian)具有(you)密度小，強度高，造價(jia)低(di)等優點，是傳統純銅單(dan)線(xian)的(de)(de)更新換代產(chan)(chan)品。銅包(bao)鋼接地(di)(di)絞(jiao)線(xian)一(yi)般環境和(he)潮濕、鹽(yan)堿、酸性土壤極產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)化(hua)學腐(fu)蝕介質的(de)(de)特殊(shu)環境高要求的(de)(de)工(gong)作接地(di)(di)、保護接地(di)(di)、防(fang)雷(lei)接地(di)(di)、防(fang)靜電(dian)接地(di)(di)的(de)(de)水平接地(di)(di)體。

雷鷹(ying)科(ke)技生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)包鋼線是以低碳(tan)(tan)鋼材為基芯，經鍍銅(tong)加(jia)工而(er)成的(de)(de)(de)復(fu)合(he)材料。具有可焊性(xing)和耐腐蝕(shi)性(xing)，良好的(de)(de)(de)導電(dian)性(xing)等，尤其是在高頻(pin)下，由于趨膚效應隨著頻(pin)率的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)加(jia)而(er)增(zeng)大，因而(er)銅(tong)包鋼線的(de)(de)(de)導電(dian)性(xing)能可與(yu)同截面積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)線相(xiang)比擬。具有節銅(tong)材、造價低等優點，是傳統銅(tong)線的(de)(de)(de)換代(dai)產品。銅(tong)包鋼絞(jiao)線及(ji)單絲表面應光潔,，不(bu)得(de)(de)有裂(lie)痕及(ji)裂(lie)縫,，漏鍍及(ji)劃傷等缺陷。絞(jiao)線的(de)(de)(de)通條直徑和捻距應均勻，切斷后應不(bu)松散(san)。絞(jiao)線內單絲應緊密(mi)絞(jiao)合(he)，不(bu)得(de)(de)有交(jiao)錯、斷裂(lie)和彎折(zhe)。銅(tong)覆鋼絞(jiao)線是將含量為99.9%的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)解銅(tong)分子(zi)均勻電(dian)鍍到(dao)低碳(tan)(tan)鋼芯上加(jia)工而(er)成的(de)(de)(de)新型復(fu)合(he)材料。

銅(tong)包鋼接(jie)地(di)絞(jiao)線沒有(you)經過(guo)適當的(de)(de)線路(lu)衰(shuai)減(jian)，由于它較尖，即這(zhe)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器的(de)(de)兩極板(ban)正對面積很(hen)小(xiao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)也(ye)就很(hen)小(xiao)，也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)說它所(suo)能(neng)(neng)容(rong)(rong)(rong)納的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)很(hen)少。而它又(you)聚集(ji)了(le)大(da)(da)部(bu)分電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)，所(suo)以，當云(yun)層(ceng)(ceng)上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)較多時，避(bi)雷針與(yu)云(yun)層(ceng)(ceng)之間的(de)(de)空氣就很(hen)容(rong)(rong)(rong)易被擊穿，成(cheng)(cheng)為導體。這(zhe)樣，帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)云(yun)層(ceng)(ceng)與(yu)避(bi)雷針形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)通路(lu)，而避(bi)雷針又(you)是(shi)(shi)接(jie)地(di)的(de)(de)。避(bi)雷針就可(ke)以把云(yun)層(ceng)(ceng)上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)導人大(da)(da)地(di)，使其不對高層(ceng)(ceng)建筑構成(cheng)(cheng)危(wei)險。銅(tong)包鋼接(jie)地(di)絞(jiao)線的(de)(de)防(fang)護等級又(you)不匹配(pei)，一定要超過(guo)屋(wu)子的(de)(de)至高點，一般(ban)的(de)(de)布置方式是(shi)(shi)在房頂(ding)周圍用(yong)(yong)鋼筋(jin)圍一圈，比(bi)如只用(yong)(yong)一個(ge)20kV做(zuo)為線路(lu)防(fang)雷防(fang)護，四(si)角各(ge)立一個(ge)1到2米(mi)的(de)(de)鋼筋(jin)，在沒有(you)人出入(ru)的(de)(de)一側用(yong)(yong)鋼筋(jin)接(jie)到地(di)面，在接(jie)地(di)位置焊(han)塊一平(ping)米(mi)左右的(de)(de)鐵板(ban)。而雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)波侵入(ru)超過(guo)60kV，這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)結果就是(shi)(shi)防(fang)雷器被擊壞，買入(ru)地(di)下(xia)。這(zhe)樣肯定安全(quan)。避(bi)雷針就聚集(ji)了(le)大(da)(da)部(bu)分電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)。避(bi)雷針又(you)與(yu)這(zhe)些(xie)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)云(yun)層(ceng)(ceng)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)一個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器，無法起(qi)到防(fang)護作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)防(fang)雷措施起(qi)不到什么實際的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。保證了(le)它的(de)(de)安全(quan)。銅(tong)包鋼還具有(you)良好的(de)(de)環保性能(neng)(neng)。可(ke)以回收再(zai)利用(yong)(yong)，減(jian)少資源浪(lang)費。浙江熱浸連(lian)鑄銅(tong)包鋼涂層(ceng)(ceng)

銅(tong)包鋼圓線制造(zao)工(gong)藝是采用(yong)電(dian)鍍(du)工(gong)藝，電(dian)氣性(xing)能(neng)好(hao)，表層紫銅(tong)材料(liao)優良(liang)的導電(dian)特(te)性(xing)。江西融熔銅(tong)復鋼銅(tong)包鋼接地圓線

銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)接地(di)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)是(shi)采用機械包(bao)(bao)覆或連鑄法(fa)將(jiang)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)附著在(zai)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)外部制作而成。其中(zhong)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋅(xin)(xin)二元合(he)(he)金，黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)根據含(han)鋅(xin)(xin)量不(bu)(bu)同分為(wei)單(dan)相黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和雙(shuang)相黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，前者含(han)鋅(xin)(xin)量小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)35%時，鋅(xin)(xin)能溶于(yu)(yu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)形成單(dan)相α，故稱單(dan)相黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，該材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)適合(he)(he)于(yu)(yu)冷(leng)變形加(jia)工(gong);當含(han)鋅(xin)(xin)量為(wei)36%～46%時，鋅(xin)(xin)溶于(yu)(yu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)既有單(dan)相α，又有以銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鋅(xin)(xin)為(wei)基(ji)的(de)β固溶體，稱雙(shuang)相黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，β相使黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)塑性(xing)減小(xiao)而抗拉(la)強度上升，適用于(yu)(yu)熱變形加(jia)工(gong)，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)接地(di)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)生產就是(shi)采用熱加(jia)工(gong)方(fang)式(shi)。因為(wei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)熔點為(wei)1083℃，鋅(xin)(xin)的(de)熔點是(shi)℃，加(jia)工(gong)過程中(zhong)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)熱壓(ya)設備(bei)溫度不(bu)(bu)足(zu)1000℃，因此銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)對外層(ceng)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)金相組織控制無相應措施(shi)，這種加(jia)工(gong)方(fang)式(shi)也決定(ding)了(le)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)存在(zai)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)與(yu)內(nei)部鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)芯分層(ceng)，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)是(shi)附著在(zai)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)表面(mian)，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)與(yu)內(nei)部鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)芯之(zhi)間存在(zai)電化學腐蝕的(de)風險。江西融熔銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)復鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)接地(di)圓線

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