供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)的(de)類型(xing)(xing)：穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)和不(bu)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)（市(shi)場需(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)是(shi)否(fou)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)、單一）；平(ping)衡(heng)的(de)和不(bu)平(ping)衡(heng)的(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)（供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)是(shi)否(fou)平(ping)衡(heng)、各(ge)職能(neng)運作(zuo)是(shi)否(fou)平(ping)衡(heng)）；效(xiao)率型(xing)(xing)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)（物料轉換功能(neng)，需(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)可以預(yu)測，成本低(di)）和響應(ying)(ying)(ying)型(xing)(xing)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)（快速響應(ying)(ying)(ying)，需(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)不(bu)可預(yu)測）；敏捷型(xing)(xing)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)（如何處理供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)市(shi)場需(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)不(bu)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)的(de)運作(zuo)問(wen)題，供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)不(bu)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)）；風險歸避(bi)型(xing)(xing)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)（適(shi)用于那種供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)不(bu)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)高，需(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)不(bu)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)低(di)的(de)市(shi)場環境）。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)的(de)系(xi)統特征：系(xi)統性(xing)(xing)、復(fu)雜(za)性(xing)(xing)、動態性(xing)(xing)、用戶需(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)響應(ying)(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)、交(jiao)叉性(xing)(xing).供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管理需(xu)(xu)(xu)要考慮供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)合(he)作(zuo)伙(huo)(huo)伴關(guan)系(xi)，如建立長(chang)期合(he)作(zuo)關(guan)系(xi)、共同發展等，提高供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)合(he)作(zuo)伙(huo)(huo)伴的(de)忠誠度。廣州國際供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管理公司流程

供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)根(gen)據范圍不同劃(hua)(hua)分，（1）內(nei)部(bu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)：指(zhi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)部(bu)產品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產和流(liu)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)所(suo)涉(she)及的(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)購部(bu)門(men)、生(sheng)產部(bu)門(men)、倉儲部(bu)門(men)、銷售(shou)部(bu)門(men)等(deng)組(zu)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)網(wang)(wang)絡。（2）外部(bu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)：指(zhi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)外部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，與(yu)(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)相(xiang)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產和流(liu)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)涉(she)及的(de)(de)(de)(de)原材(cai)料供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商(shang)、生(sheng)產廠商(shang)、儲運商(shang)、零(ling)售(shou)商(shang)以(yi)及消費(fei)(fei)(fei)者組(zu)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)網(wang)(wang)絡。內(nei)部(bu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)和外部(bu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)共同組(zu)成了企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)產品(pin)(pin)從原材(cai)料到成品(pin)(pin)到消費(fei)(fei)(fei)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)根(gen)據復(fu)雜程(cheng)度不同劃(hua)(hua)分，（1）直(zhi)接(jie)型(xing)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)：在產品(pin)(pin)、服(fu)務(wu)、資(zi)金和信(xin)息(xi)在往(wang)上(shang)游(you)和下游(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)動過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，由公司(si)、此公司(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商(shang)和此公司(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)客戶(hu)組(zu)成。（2）擴展型(xing)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)：把直(zhi)接(jie)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商(shang)和直(zhi)接(jie)客戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)客戶(hu)包(bao)含在內(nei)，左(zuo)右(you)這(zhe)些(xie)成員(yuan)均參與(yu)(yu)產品(pin)(pin)、服(fu)務(wu)、資(zi)金和信(xin)息(xi)往(wang)上(shang)游(you)和下游(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)動過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)。（3）終端(duan)型(xing)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)：包(bao)括參與(yu)(yu)產品(pin)(pin)、服(fu)務(wu)、資(zi)金、信(xin)息(xi)從終端(duan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商(shang)到終端(duan)消費(fei)(fei)(fei)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)有往(wang)上(shang)游(you)和下游(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)動過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)有組(zu)織(zhi)。茂(mao)名(ming)國際供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)模式有哪些(xie)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)管理(li)需(xu)要考慮供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)靈活(huo)性，如(ru)快速響應(ying)(ying)市場需(xu)求、靈活(huo)調整生(sheng)產計劃(hua)(hua)等(deng)，提高(gao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)靈活(huo)性和適應(ying)(ying)性。

供應(ying)(ying)鏈管理(li)是圍繞(rao)把(ba)供應(ying)(ying)商(shang)、制造商(shang)、倉庫、配送中心和(he)(he)渠道商(shang)有(you)機結合成(cheng)一體這個問(wen)題來展(zhan)開的(de)，因此它包括(kuo)企業許多(duo)層次上(shang)的(de)活(huo)動，包括(kuo)戰(zhan)略(lve)層次、戰(zhan)術層次和(he)(he)作業層次等。1、對制造商(shang)，成(cheng)本(ben)降(jiang)(jiang)低、實現數量(liang)上(shang)的(de)折(zhe)扣和(he)(he)穩(wen)定的(de)價格(ge)、提高(gao)產品(pin)質量(liang)又降(jiang)(jiang)低庫存水平(ping)、改善時間管理(li)、縮(suo)短交貨提前期和(he)(he)提高(gao)可靠(kao)性(xing)。2、對供應(ying)(ying)商(shang)保證有(you)穩(wen)定的(de)市場需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)、對用戶需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)更好地(di)理(li)解、提高(gao)運作質量(liang)、提高(gao)零(ling)部件生產質量(liang)、降(jiang)(jiang)低生產成(cheng)本(ben)、提高(gao)對買主交貨期改變的(de)反應(ying)(ying)速度。3、對于雙方，可以(yi)有(you)效地(di)減少成(cheng)員(yuan)之間的(de)重復(fu)下作，易時除流程(cheng)的(de)多(duo)余步驟(zou)，使供應(ying)(ying)鏈流程(cheng)低成(cheng)本(ben)、高(gao)效化。

我(wo)們(men)可以把供應鏈(lian)描繪成(cheng)一(yi)棵(ke)枝葉(xie)茂盛的(de)(de)大(da)樹(shu)(shu)：生(sheng)(sheng)產企業構成(cheng)樹(shu)(shu)根；單獨(du)代(dai)理商則是(shi)(shi)主干；分銷商是(shi)(shi)樹(shu)(shu)枝和(he)樹(shu)(shu)梢(shao)；滿樹(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)綠葉(xie)紅花是(shi)(shi)用戶；在根與(yu)主干、枝與(yu)干的(de)(de)一(yi)個個結點(dian)，蘊藏(zang)著一(yi)次次的(de)(de)流通，遍體相(xiang)通的(de)(de)脈絡便是(shi)(shi)信息管(guan)理系統(tong)。供應鏈(lian)上(shang)各企業之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)關系與(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)學(xue)中(zhong)的(de)(de)食(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)鏈(lian)類(lei)似(si)。在“草(cao)—兔子(zi)(zi)—狼(lang)—獅子(zi)(zi)”這樣一(yi)個簡單的(de)(de)食(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)鏈(lian)中(zhong)（為便于(yu)論(lun)述，假(jia)設在這一(yi)自然(ran)環境(jing)中(zhong)只生(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)(cun)這四種生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)），如果我(wo)們(men)把兔子(zi)(zi)全部(bu)殺(sha)掉，那么草(cao)就會瘋長起來(lai)，狼(lang)也會因兔子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)滅絕而(er)餓死，連厲害的(de)(de)獅子(zi)(zi)也會因狼(lang)的(de)(de)死亡而(er)慢慢餓死。可見，食(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)鏈(lian)中(zhong)的(de)(de)每一(yi)種生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)之(zhi)間(jian)是(shi)(shi)相(xiang)互依存(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)，破壞食(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)鏈(lian)中(zhong)的(de)(de)任何一(yi)種生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)，勢必導致這條食(shi)(shi)物(wu)(wu)鏈(lian)失去平(ping)衡，破壞人類(lei)賴以生(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)。供應鏈(lian)管(guan)理需(xu)(xu)要考慮(lv)的(de)(de)因素(su)包括供需(xu)(xu)平(ping)衡、庫存(cun)(cun)(cun)管(guan)理、物(wu)(wu)流運輸(shu)、質量(liang)控制等。

早(zao)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)觀點認為(wei)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)是指將采(cai)購(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原材料(liao)(liao)和收(shou)到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)零部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)件，通過(guo)(guo)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)轉換和銷(xiao)售等(deng)活動(dong)傳遞到(dao)用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)(ge)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。因(yin)此，供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)被視為(wei)企(qi)業內部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)(ge)物(wu)(wu)流(liu)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，它所涉及的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要是物(wu)(wu)料(liao)(liao)采(cai)購(gou)、庫(ku)存、生產(chan)(chan)(chan)和分(fen)銷(xiao)諸部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門的(de)(de)(de)(de)職能協調問題，目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是為(wei)了(le)優化(hua)(hua)企(qi)業內部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)業務(wu)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)、降低物(wu)(wu)流(liu)成本，從(cong)而提高經營效率。進(jin)入20世紀90年(nian)代(dai)，人(ren)(ren)們對供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理解又發生了(le)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)(hua)：首(shou)先，由于需求環(huan)境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)(hua)，原來被排斥(chi)在供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)之外的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)戶(hu)、消費者的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)位得到(dao)了(le)前所未有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重視，從(cong)而被納(na)入了(le)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍。這樣，供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)就不(bu)再(zai)只是一條生產(chan)(chan)(chan)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)了(le)，而是一個(ge)(ge)涵蓋了(le)整個(ge)(ge)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品運動(dong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增值鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)管理需要考(kao)慮供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培養(yang)，如培養(yang)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)管理人(ren)(ren)才(cai)、提高供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)員工素質等(deng)，提高供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)管理水平(ping)。汕頭一站式供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)

供(gong)應鏈(lian)管(guan)理(li)需(xu)要(yao)進行創(chuang)新(xin)管(guan)理(li)，以推動企業(ye)發展和提(ti)高(gao)競爭力。廣州國際供(gong)應鏈(lian)管(guan)理(li)公司(si)流程

供(gong)應鏈(lian)的(de)(de)主要(yao)活動(dong)包括：1、商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)開發和(he)制造·商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)規劃、設計(ji)、商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)化；·需(xu)求預測和(he)生(sheng)產計(ji)劃；·商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產和(he)質量管理。2、商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)配送(song)·確保銷售(shou)(shou)途(tu)徑，即銷售(shou)(shou)渠道(dao)的(de)(de)穩(wen)定性(xing)和(he)有效(xiao)性(xing)；·按時配送(song)，以JIT思想進(jin)行(xing)配送(song)管理和(he)作業；·降低(di)物流成本(ben)，實現(xian)供(gong)應鏈(lian)整體成本(ben)的(de)(de)低(di)。3、商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)銷售(shou)(shou)和(he)售(shou)(shou)后服務·銷售(shou)(shou)，以適當的(de)(de)營銷組合(he)策略，實現(xian)銷售(shou)(shou)；·品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)齊(qi)全、及時的(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)補充，并(bing)保持低(di)庫存量；·銷售(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)數(shu)據和(he)銷售(shou)(shou)額的(de)(de)管理，了(le)解問題，確定活動(dong)方針(zhen)。廣(guang)州國際供(gong)應鏈(lian)管理公司流程

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