切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong):概述一、切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)類、特點(dian)、應(ying)用(yong)(yong)及發(fa)展方(fang)(fang)向1.切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)類切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)利用(yong)(yong)切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)從工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)毛坯上切(qie)(qie)(qie)除多余的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料，以獲(huo)得(de)具(ju)有一定形狀、尺寸(cun)(cun)、精(jing)(jing)(jing)度和(he)表面(mian)粗(cu)糙度的(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)法。目前(qian)，機(ji)(ji)械零(ling)(ling)件(jian)除了少數(shu)是(shi)利用(yong)(yong)精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)鑄造(zao)、精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)鍛造(zao)、粉(fen)末冶金(jin)等(deng)無(wu)屑加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)法獲(huo)得(de)，大多數(shu)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)還是(shi)靠切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)法來完成。因此(ci)，切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)在機(ji)(ji)械制(zhi)造(zao)中占有重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)地位。切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)可(ke)分(fen)為機(ji)(ji)械加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)鉗工(gong)(gong)(gong)兩(liang)部分(fen)。3.切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展方(fang)(fang)向隨著科學技(ji)術和(he)現(xian)代工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)日新月異的(de)(de)(de)(de)飛速(su)發(fa)展，切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)正朝(chao)(chao)著高(gao)精(jing)(jing)(jing)度、高(gao)效(xiao)率、自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)、柔性化(hua)和(he)智能化(hua)方(fang)(fang)向發(fa)展，主要體現(xian)在以下三(san)方(fang)(fang)面(mian):(1)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)設備(bei)朝(chao)(chao)著數(shu)控技(ji)術、精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)和(he)超(chao)(chao)精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)、高(gao)速(su)和(he)超(chao)(chao)高(gao)速(su)方(fang)(fang)向發(fa)展。據預測。到21世紀(ji)(ji)初，數(shu)控技(ji)術、精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)和(he)超(chao)(chao)精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術將進一步普(pu)(pu)(pu)及和(he)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。普(pu)(pu)(pu)通加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)超(chao)(chao)精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)(jing)度可(ke)分(fen)別(bie)達到1pm，，和(he)(即1nm)，向原子級加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)靠近。(2)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)材(cai)料朝(chao)(chao)著超(chao)(chao)硬(ying)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)材(cai)料方(fang)(fang)向發(fa)展。目前(qian)我國(guo)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)材(cai)料是(shi)高(gao)速(su)鋼(gang)和(he)硬(ying)質合(he)金(jin)，預計(ji)2l世紀(ji)(ji)是(shi)超(chao)(chao)硬(ying)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)材(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)時代，陶瓷(ci)、聚晶金(jin)剛(gang)石(PCD)和(he)聚晶立方(fang)(fang)氮(dan)化(hua)硼(PCBN)等(deng)超(chao)(chao)硬(ying)材(cai)料將被(bei)普(pu)(pu)(pu)遍應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)力具(ju)，使(shi)切(qie)(qie)(qie)削(xue)速(su)度可(ke)高(gao)達每分(fen)鐘數(shu)千米。(3)生產規模由目前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)小批量(liang)、單(dan)品種(zhong)、大批量(liang)。大尺寸(cun)(cun)和(he)形狀復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)孔的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)偏(pian)移量(liang)應(ying)比標準值大一些，小零(ling)(ling)件(jian)和(he)形狀簡(jian)單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)則會小一些。南湖區汽(qi)車機(ji)(ji)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)收費

銑刀常用(yong)材料:(1)高(gao)速(su)(su)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)鋼(gang)(簡稱高(gao)速(su)(su)鋼(gang)，鋒(feng)鋼(gang)等(deng)(deng)(deng))，分通(tong)用(yong)和特(te)殊用(yong)途高(gao)速(su)(su)鋼(gang)兩種(zhong)。其具(ju)(ju)有(you)以下特(te)點:a.合金(jin)(jin)元(yuan)素鎢、鉻、鉬、釩的含(han)量較(jiao)高(gao)，淬火硬(ying)(ying)度可達HRC62-70。在6000C高(gao)溫下，仍(reng)能(neng)保持較(jiao)高(gao)的硬(ying)(ying)度。b、刃口強(qiang)度和韌性(xing)(xing)好，抗(kang)振性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)，能(neng)用(yong)于(yu)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)切(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)速(su)(su)度一般(ban)的刀具(ju)(ju)，對于(yu)鋼(gang)性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)差(cha)的機(ji)床，采(cai)用(yong)高(gao)速(su)(su)鋼(gang)銑刀，仍(reng)能(neng)順利(li)切(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)。c、工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝性(xing)(xing)能(neng)好，鍛造(zao)(zao)(zao)、加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和刃磨(mo)都比(bi)較(jiao)容易，還(huan)可以制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)形(xing)狀較(jiao)復(fu)雜的刀具(ju)(ju)。d、與硬(ying)(ying)質(zhi)合金(jin)(jin)材料相(xiang)比(bi)，仍(reng)有(you)硬(ying)(ying)度較(jiao)低，紅硬(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)和耐(nai)磨(mo)性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)差(cha)等(deng)(deng)(deng)缺點。(2)硬(ying)(ying)質(zhi)合金(jin)(jin):是金(jin)(jin)屬碳(tan)化(hua)物、碳(tan)化(hua)鎢、碳(tan)化(hua)鈦和以鈷為主(zhu)的金(jin)(jin)屬粘結(jie)劑經粉未冶金(jin)(jin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)而成的。其主(zhu)要(yao)特(te)點如(ru)下:能(neng)耐(nai)高(gao)溫，在800-10000度。海寧汽(qi)車機(ji)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)刀具(ju)(ju)數(shu)控刀具(ju)(ju)，是一種(zhong)高(gao)精密等(deng)(deng)(deng)級的機(ji)械切(qie)削(xue)(xue)(xue)用(yong)零件，主(zhu)要(yao)功能(neng)包(bao)括在加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中鉆孔、銑削(xue)(xue)(xue)、車削(xue)(xue)(xue)以及磨(mo)削(xue)(xue)(xue)等(deng)(deng)(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。

機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)是(shi)在(zai)機(ji)(ji)械制造過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，用(yong)(yong)來固(gu)定(ding)(ding)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)象，使(shi)之占(zhan)有(you)正(zheng)確位置(zhi)，以接受加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)或(huo)檢測并保證(zheng)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)要(yao)求的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)附加裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，簡稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)。一、機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)功能在(zai)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)上加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)時，必須用(yong)(yong)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)裝(zhuang)好(hao)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)牢工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)。將工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)裝(zhuang)好(hao)，就(jiu)是(shi)在(zai)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)上確定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)相對(dui)(dui)(dui)于刀具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)正(zheng)確位置(zhi)，這一過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為定(ding)(ding)位。將工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)牢，就(jiu)是(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)一施(shi)加作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)力，使(shi)之在(zai)已(yi)經定(ding)(ding)好(hao)的(de)(de)位置(zhi)上將工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)可(ke)靠(kao)地夾(jia)(jia)(jia)緊，這一過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為夾(jia)(jia)(jia)緊。從定(ding)(ding)位到(dao)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)緊的(de)(de)全過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)，稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為裝(zhuang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)。機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)功能就(jiu)是(shi)完成工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)裝(zhuang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)情況的(de)(de)好(hao)壞，將直接影響(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精度。

機(ji)(ji)械加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)又稱(機(ji)(ji)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、冷加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong))，是通過(guo)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)操縱機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)設(she)備來(lai)(lai)(lai)實(shi)現的(de)(de)。主要(yao)有(you)(you)車削(xue)(xue)、鉆削(xue)(xue)、鏜(tang)削(xue)(xue)、銑削(xue)(xue)、刨(bao)削(xue)(xue)、磨削(xue)(xue)及(ji)(ji)齒(chi)輪(lun)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)等。所用的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)分別(bie)為車床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)、鉆床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)、鏜(tang)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)、銑床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)、刨(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)、磨床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)及(ji)(ji)齒(chi)輪(lun)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)等。(2)鉗(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是在平(ping)臺(tai)上手(shou)持(chi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具來(lai)(lai)(lai)進行切削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。主要(yao)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)畫線、鏨切、鋸割、銼削(xue)(xue)、刮削(xue)(xue)、鉆孔(kong)、擴孔(kong)、鉸(jiao)孔(kong)、攻(gong)螺(luo)紋、套絲、機(ji)(ji)械裝配和(he)設(she)備修理等。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)有(you)(you)些加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程，例如鉆孔(kong)和(he)絞(jiao)孔(kong)，機(ji)(ji)械加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)鉗(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)并沒有(you)(you)明(ming)顯的(de)(de)界限，兩者均可(ke)進行。目前，隨著加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技術的(de)(de)發(fa)展和(he)自(zi)動化程度的(de)(de)提(ti)高，鉗(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中的(de)(de)某些工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種已逐漸實(shi)現機(ji)(ji)械化和(he)自(zi)動化，而(er)且這種替代將會(hui)愈(yu)來(lai)(lai)(lai)愈(yu)多。但在機(ji)(ji)器裝配和(he)修理等工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程中，鉗(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)比機(ji)(ji)械加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)更為靈活、方便和(he)經濟，并容易保證(zheng)產品的(de)(de)質量，所以鉗(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具有(you)(you)獨特的(de)(de)價值，是切削(xue)(xue)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中不可(ke)缺少的(de)(de)一部分。數(shu)控刀(dao)(dao)具是可(ke)轉位刀(dao)(dao)片，在換(huan)刀(dao)(dao)后能保證(zheng)刀(dao)(dao)具加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)一致性，不需要(yao)重新對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)和(he)磨刀(dao)(dao)。

由于(yu)被加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件形狀(zhuang)、尺寸和(he)技術要求不(bu)同(tong)以及使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)床和(he)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)，刀(dao)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名目(mu)繁(fan)多(duo)，形狀(zhuang)各異，隨著生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展還在不(bu)斷創新。刀(dao)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)類可按(an)許多(duo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)進行，例如，按(an)切(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)材(cai)料來分(fen)(fen)，可分(fen)(fen)為高速(su)鋼刀(dao)具和(he)硬質合金(jin)刀(dao)具等(deng);按(an)刀(dao)具結構分(fen)(fen)，可分(fen)(fen)為整體(ti)式(shi)和(he)裝(zhuang)配式(shi)刀(dao)具等(deng)。但(dan)(dan)是(shi)較能反(fan)映(ying)刀(dao)具共同(tong)特征的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)按(an)刀(dao)具用途和(he)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)分(fen)(fen)類。任何(he)刀(dao)具雖然它們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作原理各有特點(dian)，結構和(he)形狀(zhuang)也有所(suo)不(bu)同(tong)，但(dan)(dan)都有共同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組成部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)，那(nei)就是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)和(he)夾(jia)持部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)作部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)是(shi)擔負切(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)，夾(jia)持部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)是(shi)使工(gong)(gong)(gong)作部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)與機(ji)床連接(jie)在一起，并(bing)保持正確(que)位(wei)置，以及傳送切(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)運動(dong)與動(dong)力。多(duo)刀(dao)多(duo)刃切(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)銑刀(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刀(dao)齒多(duo)，切(qie)(qie)削(xue)(xue)刃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總長度(du)大，有利于(yu)提高刀(dao)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耐用度(du)和(he)生產(chan)率(lv)。秀洲區機(ji)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)刀(dao)具廠家聯系方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)

按照工(gong)件加工(gong)表面的形(xing)式:加工(gong)各種外表面的刀(dao)具(ju)、螺紋加工(gong)刀(dao)具(ju)、齒輪加工(gong)刀(dao)具(ju)。南湖(hu)區汽車機加工(gong)刀(dao)具(ju)收費

量(liang)(liang)(liang)具的(de)種(zhong)類很多，根據(ju)其用(yong)途(tu)和特(te)點不同，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)分(fen)為(wei):1.量(liang)(liang)(liang)具:這類量(liang)(liang)(liang)具一般都有刻度(du)(du)，在其測(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)范圍內(nei)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)直接測(ce)出零件(jian)和產(chan)品形(xing)狀及尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)的(de)具體數(shu)值。如(ru)游標(biao)卡(ka)(ka)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)、千分(fen)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)、百分(fen)表和角度(du)(du)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)等。2.量(liang)(liang)(liang)具:這類量(liang)(liang)(liang)具不能測(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)出實際(ji)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)，只能測(ce)定零件(jian)和產(chan)品的(de)形(xing)狀、尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)是否合格，如(ru)卡(ka)(ka)規、塞(sai)規等。3.標(biao)準(zhun)量(liang)(liang)(liang)快:這類量(liang)(liang)(liang)具只能制成某一固定尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)，通(tong)常用(yong)來校對和調整其它量(liang)(liang)(liang)具，也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)作(zuo)為(wei)標(biao)準(zhun)與被測(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)件(jian)進行比較，如(ru)量(liang)(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)、角度(du)(du)量(liang)(liang)(liang)塊(kuai)。三、量(liang)(liang)(liang)具(一)游標(biao)卡(ka)(ka)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)游標(biao)卡(ka)(ka)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)如(ru)圖所示(shi)，是一種(zhong)比較精密的(de)通(tong)用(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)具，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)直接測(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)工件(jian)的(de)內(nei)徑、外(wai)徑、寬度(du)(du)、長度(du)(du)、厚度(du)(du)、深度(du)(du)及中心距(ju)等。南湖區汽車(che)機(ji)加(jia)工刀具收費(fei)

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