提高成(cheng)(cheng)孔效率(lv)，降低施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)(cheng)本。ZYS113全電(dian)腦三(san)臂(bei)鑿巖(yan)臺(tai)車(che)(che)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)現(xian)場03鉆(zhan)孔直(zhi)徑大(da)(da)，鉆(zhan)孔效率(lv)高臺(tai)車(che)(che)配備大(da)(da)功率(lv)進(jin)口鑿巖(yan)機(ji)(ji)，可(ke)高質、高速(su)成(cheng)(cheng)孔，比(bi)較大(da)(da)鉆(zhan)孔直(zhi)徑達到(dao)140mm，鉆(zhan)進(jin)速(su)度可(ke)以(yi)達到(dao)1m/min。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)專(zhuan)為管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)定(ding)制的(de)導向鉆(zhan)頭，鉆(zhan)孔直(zhi)線度好(hao)。04參(can)(can)數(shu)實時顯(xian)示，數(shu)據實時記錄(lu)臺(tai)車(che)(che)配備全新的(de)MWD隨鉆(zhan)測量系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，在鉆(zhan)進(jin)過程(cheng)中(zhong)自動記錄(lu)、存儲鉆(zhan)進(jin)過程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)關鍵參(can)(can)數(shu)，并分析數(shu)據生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)地質云(yun)圖。能夠實時記錄(lu)、顯(xian)示鉆(zhan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)孔時的(de)位(wei)置(zhi)和(he)角度，在管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)推(tui)送時對推(tui)進(jin)梁進(jin)行快速(su)定(ding)位(wei)，提高施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)效率(lv)。控制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)地質云(yun)圖鐵建(jian)重(zhong)工(gong)(gong)ZYS113全電(dian)腦三(san)臂(bei)鑿巖(yan)臺(tai)車(che)(che)已成(cheng)(cheng)功應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)鄭萬高鐵、張吉(ji)懷高鐵、玉(yu)磨鐵路等國家重(zhong)點工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目。本次(ci)在鹽坪(ping)壩雙連(lian)拱隧道超長(chang)、大(da)(da)直(zhi)徑管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)功應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，突破了(le)我(wo)國在超長(chang)、大(da)(da)直(zhi)徑管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)機(ji)(ji)械化施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)瓶(ping)頸，設備以(yi)優異(yi)且穩定(ding)的(de)鉆(zhan)孔和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)性能獲得了(le)客戶的(de)肯(ken)定(ding)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)在實際工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong)起(qi)簡支(zhi)梁作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，而兩端的(de)支(zhi)撐梁便是簡支(zhi)梁的(de)彈性支(zhi)撐。四(si)川管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)支(zhi)護(hu)

管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)小(xiao)(xiao)導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)區別(bie)(bie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)支(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)法是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種地下暗挖施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)法，主(zhu)要用于隧(sui)(sui)道(dao)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中，隧(sui)(sui)道(dao)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)施(shi)離不開(kai)(kai)超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)小(xiao)(xiao)導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)兩種材料的(de)(de)(de)使用，那么(me)(me)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)小(xiao)(xiao)導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)區別(bie)(bie)有哪些呢？下面(mian)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)人員為(wei)您講(jiang)解：一(yi)、什(shen)么(me)(me)是(shi)(shi)超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)小(xiao)(xiao)導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)？超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)小(xiao)(xiao)導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)(shi)隧(sui)(sui)道(dao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)掘(jue)進(jin)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種工(gong)(gong)藝方法，為(wei)了保證掌(zhang)(zhang)子面(mian)在開(kai)(kai)挖過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中土(tu)體不會塌方或產生流(liu)沙，開(kai)(kai)挖前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)需對前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)方土(tu)體采(cai)取超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)支(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)、注漿(jiang)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)等(deng)輔助(zhu)措(cuo)施(shi)。超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)小(xiao)(xiao)導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)注漿(jiang)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)地層技術，是(shi)(shi)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)沿隧(sui)(sui)道(dao)開(kai)(kai)挖輪廓線外縱(zong)(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)傾(qing)斜安(an)設(she)注漿(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，并注入漿(jiang)液(ye)，達到超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)圍巖(yan)和止水的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)，同時(shi)超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)小(xiao)(xiao)導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)還可(ke)起(qi)到超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)預支(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)作用。二、什(shen)么(me)(me)是(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)？管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)(shi)利用鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)或鋼插板(ban)作為(wei)縱(zong)(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)預支(zhi)(zhi)撐、鋼拱架(jia)作為(wei)橫向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)環形支(zhi)(zhi)撐，構(gou)成縱(zong)(zong)、橫向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)整體剛度較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)系統，阻止和限制圍巖(yan)變形，提(ti)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)承受早期(qi)圍巖(yan)壓力。一(yi)般(ban)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)(shi)沿地下工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)斷(duan)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)部分或全(quan)部，以一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)間距環向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)布設(she)，形成鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)護(hu)。三、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)小(xiao)(xiao)導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)區別(bie)(bie)有哪些？超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)小(xiao)(xiao)導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)為(wei)壁厚5mm的(de)(de)(de)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，直徑一(yi)般(ban)為(wei)42mm，處理范(fan)圍一(yi)般(ban)也就6米左右。是(shi)(shi)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)超(chao)(chao)(chao)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)小(xiao)(xiao)導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)漿(jiang)將掌(zhang)(zhang)子面(mian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)方的(de)(de)(de)較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)破碎(sui)的(de)(de)(de)圍巖(yan)進(jin)行固(gu)(gu)(gu)結的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種方法，使圍巖(yan)形成一(yi)個整體后(hou)再進(jin)行下一(yi)步工(gong)(gong)序。陜西(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)支(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)青海跟管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)、鋼花管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，合縱(zong)(zong)達鋼結構(gou)，實(shi)力廠家(jia)。

鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，為(wei)克服鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)深后因(yin)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)具自重而產(chan)生的(de)下垂現象，鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)應與導向(xiang)管(guan)一(yi)致，比線路中線上仰角(jiao)1°，即(ji)外傾角(jiao)1°，以確(que)(que)保鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)后管(guan)棚(peng)不(bu)侵入界限，鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)定(ding)位可壓(ya)羅盤、經緯儀、掛(gua)線相結合(he)的(de)方(fang)(fang)法，確(que)(que)保鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿軸線與開孔(kong)角(jiao)度(du)一(yi)致。開鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，先低速低壓(ya)，待成孔(kong)幾米后，再加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)速加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)壓(ya)。鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)測斜(xie)用羅盤儀測方(fang)(fang)位角(jiao)，控(kong)制水(shui)平(ping)偏差(cha)，成孔(kong)一(yi)半時(shi)(shi)(shi)，用Ф108mm套管(guan)測量控(kong)制上仰或(huo)下垂側斜(xie)，確(que)(que)定(ding)偏斜(xie)情(qing)況。鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)根據情(qing)況確(que)(que)定(ding)是(shi)否加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)泥(ni)(ni)漿或(huo)水(shui)泥(ni)(ni)漿鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)，當鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)至砂層易(yi)坍孔(kong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)泥(ni)(ni)漿護壁方(fang)(fang)可繼(ji)續鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)；如(ru)坍孔(kong)較嚴重時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)水(shui)泥(ni)(ni)漿或(huo)化學漿液護壁繼(ji)續進(jin)(jin)(jin)行；如(ru)不(bu)能成孔(kong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)套筒(tong)或(huo)將鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭直接焊在(zai)管(guan)棚(peng)管(guan)前端鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)(jin)(jin)。

加(jia)固(gu)效(xiao)應(ying)：注漿漿液經管(guan)壁孔壓(ya)入圍巖裂隙(xi)中，使松散巖體膠結、固(gu)結，從而改善(shan)了(le)軟(ruan)弱(ruo)(ruo)圍巖的(de)物理力學性質，增強了(le)圍巖的(de)自承能力，達到加(jia)固(gu)鋼管(guan)周邊軟(ruan)弱(ruo)(ruo)圍巖的(de)目(mu)的(de)。

環槽效應：掌(zhang)子(zi)面爆破產生(sheng)的沖(chong)擊波(bo)(bo)傳(chuan)播(bo)和爆生(sheng)氣體擴展遇管棚密(mi)集環形(xing)孔槽后被反射、吸收或繞射，降低了反向拉伸波(bo)(bo)所造成的圍巖(yan)破壞程度及擾動范圍。

確(que)保施工(gong)(gong)(gong)安全：管(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)支(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)剛度較大(da)，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)時如發生塌(ta)方(fang)，塌(ta)碴(cha)也是(shi)落在管(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)上(shang)部(bu)巖(yan)碴(cha)上(shang)，起到緩沖(chong)作(zuo)用，即使管(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)失(shi)穩，其破(po)壞也較緩慢。管(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)支(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)適用范圍根據國(guo)內外的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)實(shi)踐，綜合(he)我國(guo)目前地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)支(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)應(ying)(ying)用的(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)案(an)例(li)，管(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)支(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)可(ke)適用于：軟弱砂(sha)土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)地(di)(di)層(ceng)、砂(sha)卵礫(li)石地(di)(di)層(ceng)，膨脹性軟流塑(su)(su)、硬(ying)可(ke)塑(su)(su)狀粉(fen)質(zhi)粘土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)層(ceng)，裂隙發育巖(yan)體、突泥突水段(duan)(duan)、斷(duan)層(ceng)破(po)碎帶(dai)、塌(ta)方(fang)段(duan)(duan)、破(po)碎土(tu)(tu)巖(yan)堆地(di)(di)段(duan)(duan)、淺(qian)埋(mai)大(da)偏(pian)壓等地(di)(di)質(zhi)和地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水豐富條件的(de)(de)地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)構筑(zhu)物(wu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)，隧道(dao)(dao)進出口段(duan)(duan)開(kai)(kai)挖的(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)，也多應(ying)(ying)用于地(di)(di)鐵等穿(chuan)越城(cheng)區的(de)(de)地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)挖預(yu)支(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)，可(ke)作(zuo)為(wei)穿(chuan)越既有建筑(zhu)物(wu)、公路、鐵路及地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)結構物(wu)下(xia)(xia)方(fang)修(xiu)建隧道(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)輔(fu)助(zhu)方(fang)法(fa)；作(zuo)為(wei)隧道(dao)(dao)洞口段(duan)(duan)及修(xiu)建大(da)斷(duan)面(mian)隧道(dao)(dao)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)輔(fu)助(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)及作(zuo)為(wei)其他(ta)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)輔(fu)助(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)，也常用于淺(qian)埋(mai)但不宜明挖地(di)(di)段(duan)(duan)或淺(qian)埋(mai)隧道(dao)(dao)情況下(xia)(xia)。跟(gen)管(guan)(guan)、管(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)、鋼(gang)花管(guan)(guan)，合(he)縱達鋼(gang)結構，實(shi)力廠(chang)家。

管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)作用和(he)(he)(he)優點（1）梁拱效(xiao)應：先(xian)行施(shi)(shi)設的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚，以(yi)掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)子(zi)面(mian)和(he)(he)(he)后方(fang)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)撐(cheng)為(wei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)點，形(xing)成一(yi)個梁式結構，二(er)者(zhe)構成環繞隧(sui)洞輪廓的(de)(de)殼(ke)狀結構，可有效(xiao)圍(wei)巖(yan)(yan)松動(dong)和(he)(he)(he)垮塌。（2）加(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)效(xiao)應：注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)漿(jiang)液經管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)壁孔(kong)壓(ya)入圍(wei)巖(yan)(yan)裂隙中(zhong)，使松散巖(yan)(yan)體膠(jiao)結、固(gu)(gu)(gu)結，從而(er)改善了(le)(le)軟(ruan)弱圍(wei)巖(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)物理(li)力(li)(li)學性質(zhi)，增強了(le)(le)圍(wei)巖(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)自承能(neng)力(li)(li)，達到(dao)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)邊軟(ruan)弱圍(wei)巖(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)。（3）環槽(cao)效(xiao)應：掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)子(zi)面(mian)爆破(po)產生的(de)(de)沖(chong)擊波傳播和(he)(he)(he)爆生氣(qi)體擴(kuo)展遇管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚密集(ji)環形(xing)孔(kong)槽(cao)后被(bei)反(fan)(fan)射、吸收(shou)或繞射，降低了(le)(le)反(fan)(fan)向拉伸波所造(zao)成的(de)(de)圍(wei)巖(yan)(yan)破(po)壞程度(du)及(ji)擾(rao)動(dong)范圍(wei)。（4）確保施(shi)(shi)工(gong)安全：管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護剛(gang)度(du)較大(da)，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)時如(ru)發生塌方(fang)，塌碴也是(shi)(shi)落在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚上部巖(yan)(yan)碴上，起到(dao)緩(huan)(huan)沖(chong)作用，即使管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚失穩，其破(po)壞也較緩(huan)(huan)慢。隧(sui)道超前(qian)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)一(yi)覽根據采取(qu)的(de)(de)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)措施(shi)(shi)對周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)圍(wei)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)特性和(he)(he)(he)應力(li)(li)分(fen)布的(de)(de)影響(xiang)，可將超前(qian)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護分(fen)為(wei)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)改良法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)(he)預支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)改良法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)就是(shi)(shi)提(ti)高開(kai)(kai)挖面(mian)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)圍(wei)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)土的(de)(de)特性的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，這(zhe)種方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)包括(kuo)注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)、土壤加(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)、排(pai)水和(he)(he)(he)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)凍結等(deng)(deng)；預支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)就是(shi)(shi)在(zai)隧(sui)道開(kai)(kai)挖前(qian)，先(xian)超前(qian)對圍(wei)巖(yan)(yan)進行加(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)，以(yi)增加(jia)圍(wei)巖(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)自穩能(neng)力(li)(li)，并使開(kai)(kai)挖面(mian)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)圍(wei)應力(li)(li)干擾(rao)達到(dao)小的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。超前(qian)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)主(zhu)要(yao)包括(kuo)：管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，機械預切(qie)糟法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，預襯砌法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，水平旋噴注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，超前(qian)小導(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，超前(qian)錨桿(gan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、凍結法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚工(gong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)是(shi)(shi)隧(sui)道超前(qian)預支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護開(kai)(kai)挖施(shi)(shi)工(gong)中(zhong)用以(yi)防(fang)止掌(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)子(zi)面(mian)坍塌并限(xian)制圍(wei)巖(yan)(yan)變形(xing)的(de)(de)一(yi)種預支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護手段。四川管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚生產廠家

管棚支護剛度較大，施工時(shi)如再次發生塌(ta)方，塌(ta)渣(zha)也是(shi)落在管棚上部巖渣(zha)上，起到(dao)緩沖作用。四川管棚支護

檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)：以同牌(pai)號、同爐(lu)罐號、同規格、同交貨狀態的(de)鋼管(guan)，每(mei)60t為一批(pi)，不足60t按一批(pi)計(ji)。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)每(mei)批(pi)抽(chou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)一次(ci)；監(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)按施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)抽(chou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)次(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)20%進(jin)行(xing)見(jian)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)取樣(yang)(yang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測或(huo)(huo)按施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)抽(chou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)次(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)10%進(jin)行(xing)平行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)，至少一次(ci)。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)：施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)每(mei)批(pi)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)明(ming)文件(jian)并(bing)進(jin)行(xing)相關(guan)性(xing)能試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)；監(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)全部(bu)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)明(ming)文件(jian)和(he)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)報告，并(bing)進(jin)行(xing)見(jian)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)取樣(yang)(yang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測或(huo)(huo)平行(xing)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)。2.管(guan)棚所用鋼管(guan)的(de)品種(zhong)和(he)規格必須符(fu)合(he)(he)設計(ji)要(yao)求。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)：施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、監(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全部(bu)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)：觀察(cha)(cha)，鋼尺檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。3.管(guan)棚搭接(jie)長度(du)應符(fu)合(he)(he)設計(ji)要(yao)求。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)：施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、監(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全部(bu)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)：尺量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。4.注漿(jiang)(jiang)漿(jiang)(jiang)液的(de)配合(he)(he)比應符(fu)合(he)(he)設計(ji)要(yao)求。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)：施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、監(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全部(bu)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)：施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)進(jin)行(xing)配合(he)(he)比選定(ding)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)；監(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)配合(he)(he)比選定(ding)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)，并(bing)進(jin)行(xing)見(jian)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)。5.注漿(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)力應符(fu)合(he)(he)設計(ji)要(yao)求，注漿(jiang)(jiang)漿(jiang)(jiang)液應充滿鋼管(guan)及其周圍的(de)空(kong)隙。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)：施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全部(bu)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)；監(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)按施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)20%見(jian)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)：施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)記錄的(de)注漿(jiang)(jiang)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)注漿(jiang)(jiang)壓(ya)力，觀察(cha)(cha)；監(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)見(jian)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。四川管(guan)棚支護

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