施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)測量(liang)注意(yi)事項(xiang)（5）在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)銜接處，所設(she)置(zhi)的(de)臨時水準(zhun)點(dian)應(ying)(ying)相互測校調整，以防止(zhi)差錯。（6）適(shi)當位置(zhi)設(she)置(zhi)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控制樁(zhuang)，控制樁(zhuang)應(ying)(ying)妥善保護。（7）測量(liang)時，應(ying)(ying)對儀器進(jin)行檢查調整，對原(yuan)始記錄作(zuo)詳細校對。四、頂(ding)(ding)(ding)管(guan)方(fang)案(an)1、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)順序(xu)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)管(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前對頂(ding)(ding)(ding)管(guan)沿線進(jin)行調查，確定土壓平衡頂(ding)(ding)(ding)管(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝→頂(ding)(ding)(ding)力計算及后(hou)背(bei)墻(qiang)設(she)計→工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)坑、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)及接收(shou)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)→施(shi)(shi)做(zuo)基礎架設(she)導(dao)軌/安(an)裝(zhuang)后(hou)背(bei)墻(qiang)→管(guan)道頂(ding)(ding)(ding)進(jin)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、接收(shou)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、平面布置(zhi)、井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內布置(zhi)及管(guan)內布置(zhi)方(fang)案(an)首先(xian)進(jin)行工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與接收(shou)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與接受(shou)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)上層(ceng)采(cai)用開挖(wa)法(fa)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，下層(ceng)在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)和接受(shou)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)四周打設(she)鋼板(ban)樁(zhuang)后(hou)，周圍采(cai)用深(shen)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)點(dian)降水施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，根據實(shi)際情況每個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)周圍需(xu)打四眼(yan)大(da)(da)口深(shen)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。大(da)(da)口深(shen)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)壁(bi)采(cai)用直(zhi)徑400mm的(de)無沙砼(tong)管(guan)護壁(bi)，井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)深(shen)25m,每個井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)中安(an)裝(zhuang)一臺2寸深(shen)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)潛水泵抽(chou)水，保證(zheng)把水降至工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)面以下500mm.明確工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)搭接、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種配合、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法(fa)、進(jin)度等施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)排。廈門DN2400球墨管(guan)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)管(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊

在(zai)頂(ding)進過程(cheng)中不斷注(zhu)漿，由于(yu)施(shi)工擾動，管(guan)道上(shang)方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)土體沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)比(bi)較為(wei)嚴重，可(ke)達到10mm，成(cheng)放射(she)狀向上(shang)擴展(zhan)，并(bing)且沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)量(liang)在(zai)不斷縮小；管(guan)道下方(fang)(fang)土體有拱起，比(bi)較大(da)拱起量(liang)可(ke)達到9mm。不同(tong)溫度下處理3d玉米種子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)4d平均發芽率見圖(tu)1，玉米種子(zi)在(zai)不同(tong)溫度下處理3d的(de)(de)(de)(de)7d平均發芽率見圖(tu)2。在(zai)開挖計(ji)算初期(qi)，地(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)監測(ce)點(dian)沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)位(wei)移變化(hua)速(su)率很快，隨著觸變泥漿的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用，位(wei)移沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)量(liang)變化(hua)速(su)率減慢，逐(zhu)漸趨于(yu)穩定值。在(zai)施(shi)工完成(cheng)后，觸變泥漿固化(hua)，隨之對(dui)上(shang)方(fang)(fang)土體起到很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)支撐作(zuo)(zuo)用，土體沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)有一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)恢復，且越接近地(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)作(zuo)(zuo)用越小。管(guan)道正上(shang)方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)比(bi)較大(da)，監測(ce)點(dian)按2m間距(ju)布置(zhi)，在(zai)距(ju)離(li)管(guan)中線12m處地(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)為(wei)0.03mm，幾乎沒有位(wei)移沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)；在(zai)距(ju)管(guan)中線12m范圍內施(shi)工會引起地(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)，在(zai)此(ci)范圍內應該加強地(di)(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現場監測(ce)。南平DN3200鋼管(guan)頂(ding)管(guan)施(shi)工設備(bei)機(ji)械作(zuo)(zuo)業要嚴格(ge)按文(wen)明施(shi)工的(de)(de)(de)(de)有關規定進行，嚴禁擾民(min)影響市容(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現象出現。

在頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中比(bi)較為流行的(de)有三種平(ping)衡(heng)理(li)論(lun)：氣壓(ya)平(ping)衡(heng)、泥水平(ping)衡(heng)和土壓(ya)平(ping)衡(heng)理(li)論(lun)。頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)比(bi)較突出的(de)特(te)點就是(shi)(shi)(shi)適應性(xing)問題。針對不同的(de)地質情況、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)條(tiao)件和設(she)計(ji)要求(qiu)，選(xuan)用(yong)與(yu)之適應的(de)頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方式，如何正確(que)地選(xuan)擇頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)機和配套輔(fu)助設(she)備，對于頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)來說將是(shi)(shi)(shi)非常(chang)(chang)關鍵(jian)的(de)。經過多年的(de)發展，頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)在我國已得(de)到大(da)量地實(shi)際工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)應用(yong)，且保持著高(gao)速的(de)增(zeng)長勢頭，無論(lun)在技(ji)術(shu)(shu)上、頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)設(she)備還是(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝上取得(de)了很(hen)大(da)的(de)進(jin)步，在某些方面甚至已達到了很(hen)高(gao)的(de)水平(ping)。2001年上海隧道股份有限公(gong)司在江(jiang)蘇(su)省常(chang)(chang)州完成了長2050m、直徑2m的(de)鋼筋水泥管(guan)頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)已完成的(de)我國比(bi)較長的(de)頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)。

頂管(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前，必(bi)(bi)須(xu)對施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)或(huo)附(fu)近(jin)的(de)地下管(guan)(guan)網進行(xing)勘測，對現(xian)(xian)場(chang)的(de)供水(shui)(shui)、燃氣、通訊、電力等(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)進行(xing)定位(wei)，對那些需要(yao)停工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)或(huo)遷離的(de)管(guan)(guan)線(xian)進行(xing)嚴(yan)格(ge)分析，然后明確標(biao)出；第二(er)要(yao)調(diao)查施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)路面(mian)的(de)車流、人(ren)流等(deng)(deng)交(jiao)(jiao)通狀(zhuang)(zhuang)況，必(bi)(bi)要(yao)時在路口設計交(jiao)(jiao)通引導牌，安(an)排(pai)(pai)專(zhuan)人(ren)指揮(hui)，根據(ju)道(dao)路交(jiao)(jiao)通狀(zhuang)(zhuang)況合理安(an)排(pai)(pai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路線(xian)；第三要(yao)對施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)和附(fu)近(jin)的(de)排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)有(you)清楚的(de)了解，規劃設計更(geng)好的(de)排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)路線(xian)，必(bi)(bi)要(yao)時搭建(jian)臨時排(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)，防止施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)污水(shui)(shui)流入其(qi)他位(wei)置(zhi)。第四，如果施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)有(you)橋(qiao)梁(liang)或(huo)其(qi)他建(jian)筑物(wu)，設計人(ren)員必(bi)(bi)須(xu)查明橋(qiao)墩(dun)、橋(qiao)臺基礎、建(jian)筑基樁等(deng)(deng)，以避(bi)免管(guan)(guan)道(dao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)破(po)壞(huai)性影(ying)響(xiang)。對于(yu)每道(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，都要(yao)進行(xing)技術交(jiao)(jiao)底工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，堅持“自(zi)檢(jian)”、“專(zhuan)檢(jian)”、“交(jiao)(jiao)接檢(jian)”三檢(jian)制度。

該技(ji)術(shu)在我國沿海(hai)經濟發達地(di)(di)區大范圍用于(yu)(yu)城市地(di)(di)下給排水管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)、天然(ran)氣石油(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)、通訊電纜等各(ge)種管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)非(fei)開挖(wa)(wa)鋪(pu)設(she)(she)。它能(neng)穿越公路、鐵路、橋梁、高山、河(he)流、海(hai)峽和(he)(he)地(di)(di)面任何(he)建筑物(wu)。采用該技(ji)術(shu)施工(gong)(gong)，能(neng)節約一(yi)大筆征(zheng)地(di)(di)拆遷費用、減少對(dui)環境污染(ran)和(he)(he)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路的(de)(de)堵(du)塞，具(ju)(ju)有(you)明顯的(de)(de)經濟效益和(he)(he)社(she)會(hui)效益，工(gong)(gong)作井(jing)頂進(jin)(jin)井(jing)、接收井(jing)。類型(xing)手掘(jue)式(shi)(shi)、擠壓(ya)(ya)式(shi)(shi)、泥水平衡式(shi)(shi)、三段兩鉸型(xing)水力(li)挖(wa)(wa)土(tu)(tu)式(shi)(shi)、多刀盤(pan)土(tu)(tu)壓(ya)(ya)平衡式(shi)(shi)。頂管(guan)(guan)施工(gong)(gong)是繼(ji)(ji)盾構施工(gong)(gong)之(zhi)后(hou)而發展起(qi)來的(de)(de)一(yi)種地(di)(di)下管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)施工(gong)(gong)方法，它不需要開挖(wa)(wa)面層，并且能(neng)夠(gou)穿越公路、鐵道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)、河(he)川、地(di)(di)面建筑物(wu)、地(di)(di)下構筑物(wu)以(yi)及各(ge)種地(di)(di)下管(guan)(guan)線等。頂管(guan)(guan)施工(gong)(gong)借助于(yu)(yu)主頂油(you)(you)缸及管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)間(jian)中繼(ji)(ji)間(jian)等的(de)(de)推(tui)力(li)，把工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)或(huo)掘(jue)進(jin)(jin)機(ji)從工(gong)(gong)作井(jing)內(nei)穿過土(tu)(tu)層一(yi)直推(tui)到接收井(jing)內(nei)吊起(qi)。與此同時，也就把緊(jin)隨(sui)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)或(huo)掘(jue)進(jin)(jin)機(ji)后(hou)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)埋設(she)(she)在兩井(jing)之(zhi)間(jian)，以(yi)期實現非(fei)開挖(wa)(wa)敷設(she)(she)地(di)(di)下管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)方法。嚴格遵守“建筑工(gong)(gong)地(di)(di)安全生產六大紀律”，進(jin)(jin)入(ru)人(ren)員一(yi)律戴(dai)好安全帽。莆田DN1600球墨(mo)管(guan)(guan)頂管(guan)(guan)施工(gong)(gong)哪家便宜

供(gong)貨方交付材料之后的服務和支持(chi)能(neng)力。廈門(men)DN2400球(qiu)墨管(guan)頂管(guan)施工(gong)隊

鉆(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)(jin)技術方(fang)(fang)案定(ding)向(xiang)鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)的主要部件(jian)為：輪式鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)、操作(zuo)系統(tong)、動(dong)力站(zhan)、液(ye)壓系統(tong)、鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭、鉆(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)等(deng)，對照(zhao)安(an)裝使用規范進(jin)(jin)行安(an)裝。鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)運到現場(chang)必須先錨固(gu)穩定(ding)，鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)如果錨固(gu)不穩，將(jiang)會發生功率損失或者功率作(zuo)用在機(ji)(ji)器(qi)身上，造成機(ji)(ji)器(qi)和人的傷害。鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)是(shi)依(yi)靠(kao)(kao)地錨座和后支承(cheng)與(yu)地基固(gu)定(ding)的，安(an)放鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)前應先平整場(chang)地，根據預先設(she)計(ji)的的鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)傾斜角度進(jin)(jin)行調整，依(yi)靠(kao)(kao)鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)動(dong)力將(jiang)錨桿(gan)打入土(tu)中(zhong)，使后支承(cheng)和前底座錨與(yu)地層(ceng)固(gu)結穩定(ding)。定(ding)向(xiang)鉆(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)(jin)原理：鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)的鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭的一(yi)側為斜面的鴨(ya)舌形(xing)狀，鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭通(tong)入高壓水射流(liu)切割土(tu)體，若(ruo)鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭旋轉和加壓鉆(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)(jin)同時進(jin)(jin)行，由(you)于(yu)四周受(shou)力方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)均(jun)一(yi)，鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭呈直線鉆(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)(jin)；若(ruo)只(zhi)加壓鉆(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)(jin)而(er)鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭不旋轉，由(you)于(yu)受(shou)到斜面的反作(zuo)用力，鉆(zhan)(zhan)頭則朝斜面法(fa)線反方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)鉆(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)(jin)，實現造斜鉆(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)(jin)。廈門DN2400球墨管(guan)頂管(guan)施工隊

廈門常達管業(ye)有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司堅持“以(yi)人為本”的企(qi)業(ye)理念，擁有一支專業(ye)的員工隊伍，力(li)求(qiu)提供更好(hao)的產品和服務回饋社會，并(bing)歡(huan)迎廣大新老客戶光(guang)臨(lin)惠(hui)顧，真誠合作、共創美(mei)好(hao)未(wei)來。常達管業(ye)——您可(ke)信賴的朋友，公(gong)(gong)司地址(zhi)：廈門市(shi)集美(mei)區寧海二(er)里。

本(ben)文來自(zi)四川精碳(tan)偉業環保科(ke)技(ji)有限責任公司：//wasul.cn/Article/02a9899899.html