相(xiang)變(bian)(bian)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)（ＰＣＭ）通過(guo)(guo)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)發生物態的(de)變(bian)(bian)化（如融(rong)化、凝固等(deng)）來(lai)儲存及釋放能量，從而達到熱(re)(re)管(guan)理(li)的(de)目的(de)。但是，相(xiang)變(bian)(bian)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)在(zai)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)熱(re)(re)管(guan)理(li)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)有三個(ge)主(zhu)要(yao)缺(que)點：本(ben)征(zheng)熱(re)(re)導(dao)(dao)率低、對光的(de)吸收率低以及形狀穩定性差［６（）＿６２］。因此，通常通過(guo)(guo)添加導(dao)(dao)熱(re)(re)填料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)來(lai)改善這些(xie)缺(que)點，石(shi)墨(mo)烯由于具(ju)有高(gao)本(ben)征(zheng)熱(re)(re)導(dao)(dao)率、高(gao)長(chang)徑比而經(jing)常被作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)制(zhi)備具(ju)有高(gao)性能相(xiang)變(bian)(bian)復合材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)理(li)想填料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。在(zai)現階段研究中，石(shi)墨(mo)烯基相(xiang)變(bian)(bian)復合材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)在(zai)熱(re)(re)管(guan)理(li)方(fang)向的(de)應用(yong)主(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)光－熱(re)(re)轉換(huan)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、熱(re)(re)－電轉換(huan)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、電－熱(re)(re)轉換(huan)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)三種。氧化石(shi)墨(mo)烯分(fen)散液在(zai)水(shui)(shui)中具(ju)有很好的(de)分(fen)散性，樣品單(dan)層率＞90%，產品經(jing)輕微攪拌就可與水(shui)(shui)相(xiang)互(hu)溶。浙江制(zhi)備氧化石(shi)墨(mo)烯有哪些(xie)

常州第(di)六元素材料科技(ji)(ji)股(gu)份有(you)(you)限公司擁有(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)的(de)深度(du)插層和高解離率(lv)的(de)制備技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、氧化石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)的(de)高效純化技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)微片的(de)缺陷修復/比(bi)表面(mian)可控技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、全行業**的(de)回收/循環(huan)氧化技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)等(deng)(deng)自主知(zhi)識產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權。自主設計的(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)已成(cheng)功實現了石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)低成(cheng)本規模化制備，在技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、工藝、設備等(deng)(deng)方面(mian)獲多項(xiang)突破，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)具有(you)(you)比(bi)表面(mian)積大、導電(dian)性(xing)優異、分散度(du)好(hao)和優良復合功能等(deng)(deng)特(te)點。目前年(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)1400噸的(de)氧化石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)（烯(xi)(xi)(xi)）/100噸石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)粉體生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)已投(tou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)運行，該生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)擁有(you)(you)完全的(de)自主知(zhi)識產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權，且石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量好(hao)、成(cheng)本低，達國(guo)際**水平，具有(you)(you)極強的(de)市(shi)場(chang)競爭力。全國(guo)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)氧化石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)導熱氧化石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)易于剝離成(cheng)穩定的(de)氧化石(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)分散液，易于成(cheng)膜(mo)。

近年來(lai)，石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)因其(qi)(qi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)導(dao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)和輕巧(qiao)柔鈿的(de)(de)特性(xing)(xing)(xing)而受到(dao)(dao)(dao)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多的(de)(de)關(guan)注。石(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)全教授課題組［５１］通過蒸發誘導(dao)自(zi)組裝(zhuang)法對引入少量纖維素納米晶體（ＣＮＣ）的(de)(de)氧化(hua)石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)分散液進行干燥處理，然后使(shi)氫碘酸對得(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)化(hua)學還原，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，ＣＮＣ能夠誘導(dao)石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)片上形成皺(zhou)紋，使(shi)其(qi)(qi)機械(xie)(xie)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能得(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)進一步增強。測試結果表明，這種薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)具有拉(la)伸(shen)強度比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)(gao)可達(da)８００ＭＰａ，且斷裂伸(shen)長率(lv)(lv)(lv)、初(chu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和電(dian)(dian)導(dao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)分別達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)６．２２±０．１９％、１５．６４１２．２０ＭＪｍ＿３、１１０５±１７Ｓｃｍ－１，遠遠髙于其(qi)(qi)他文獻(xian)中(zhong)報道的(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能。Ｃｈｅｒ＾Ｍ等(deng)人通過在(zai)單層(ceng)(ceng)石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)上沉(chen)積金(jin)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)制備了(le)ＧＯ／Ａｕ復(fu)(fu)合(he)電(dian)(dian)極，在(zai)沉(chen)積金(jin)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)厚(hou)度為７ｎｍ時，復(fu)(fu)合(he)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)在(zai)５２０ｎｍ波長處具有２４．６Ｑｍ＿２的(de)(de)**電(dian)(dian)阻和７４．６％的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)透(tou)射(she)率(lv)(lv)(lv)。為了(le)更(geng)直觀地(di)分析(xi)其(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)學性(xing)(xing)(xing)能，Ｃｈｅｎ等(deng)人組裝(zhuang)了(le)基(ji)于ＧＯ／Ａｕ復(fu)(fu)合(he)電(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)超(chao)級電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器，測試發現(xian)，與基(ji)于單層(ceng)(ceng)石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)的(de)(de)超(chao)級電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器相比(bi)(bi)，其(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)了(le)１７倍，并且表現(xian)出良好(hao)的(de)(de)機械(xie)(xie)穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing)，證明了(le)石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)復(fu)(fu)合(he)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)在(zai)柔性(xing)(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)領域(yu)具有巨大的(de)(de)應潛力。

根據組裝方式的(de)(de)(de)(de)不同(tong)．石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)能形成(cheng)一(yi)維(wei)(wei)(wei)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)、二(er)維(wei)(wei)(wei)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)和(he)三維(wei)(wei)(wei)體(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)宏(hong)(hong)觀體(ti)。纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)宏(hong)(hong)觀體(ti)在可(ke)(ke)穿戴電(dian)子(zi)設(she)備上具(ju)(ju)有廣(guang)闊的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用前景，而二(er)維(wei)(wei)(wei)和(he)三維(wei)(wei)(wei)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)宏(hong)(hong)觀體(ti)在超級電(dian)容器(qi)以及環(huan)境水處(chu)理方面(mian)(mian)表(biao)(biao)現(xian)出(chu)較(jiao)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)典型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)維(wei)(wei)(wei)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)宏(hong)(hong)觀體(ti)，是一(yi)種具(ju)(ju)有大長(chang)徑比(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)宏(hong)(hong)觀石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)攫(jue)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)材料。2011年(nian)Xu等合成(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)，且發現(xian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)強度(du)高(gao)、韌性好、可(ke)(ke)編織(zhi)，可(ke)(ke)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)柔性電(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵材料。時(shi)隔兩年(nian)．空(kong)心(xin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)誕生，其直徑為(wei)(wei)數(shu)十(shi)至數(shu)百微米。空(kong)心(xin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)具(ju)(ju)有內(nei)壁和(he)外表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)．相對于(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)其比(bi)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)增大，具(ju)(ju)有良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)催化、分離和(he)敏感(gan)特(te)性“。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)膜或石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)紙(zhi)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)二(er)維(wei)(wei)(wei)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)宏(hong)(hong)觀體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)**．足一(yi)種有序度(du)低(di)于(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)疊層結(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)宏(hong)(hong)觀石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)材料。Dikin等通(tong)過真空(kong)輔(fu)助抽濾氧(yang)化石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)膠狀懸浮液，實現(xian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)向(xiang)組裝，獲得(de)了(le)氧(yang)化石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)紙(zhi)。通(tong)過對其還原(yuan)即可(ke)(ke)獲得(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)紙(zhi)。且研究表(biao)(biao)明石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)紙(zhi)具(ju)(ju)有電(dian)導率高(gao)(1716S·cm)、導熱(re)性能好(1434W·m·K一(yi))以及氣體(ti)滲透(tou)性好…等特(te)性。氧(yang)化石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)可(ke)(ke)如同(tong)界面(mian)(mian)活性劑一(yi)般存在界面(mian)(mian)，并降低(di)界面(mian)(mian)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)能量。其親水性被認(ren)知。

利用石墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)納(na)米效應，將(jiang)石墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和其他(ta)材(cai)料制(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)成復(fu)(fu)合薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)也是(shi)石墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)應用到熱(re)(re)(re)(re)管(guan)理中(zhong)的(de)途徑之一。如中(zhong)科院陳(chen)成猛團隊(dui)[58]制(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)出一種柔性的(de)石墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)-碳纖(xian)維復(fu)(fu)合膜(mo)(mo)散(san)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)片，結果表明其熱(re)(re)(re)(re)導率達(da)(da)到977W/(m·K)，其熱(re)(re)(re)(re)傳遞的(de)效果好于(yu)銅。**科大[59]制(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)出三維的(de)石墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)-碳納(na)米環薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)，其熱(re)(re)(re)(re)導率可達(da)(da)946W/(m·K)。浙(zhe)江大學高(gao)超團隊(dui)[60]報道了一種快速濕(shi)紡組裝（wet-spinningassembly）的(de)方法制(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)石墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)，其熱(re)(re)(re)(re)導率達(da)(da)530~810W/(m·K)。可見，將(jiang)石墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和其他(ta)材(cai)料制(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)成復(fu)(fu)合薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)，復(fu)(fu)合薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)的(de)應用于(yu)鋰電正負(fu)極材(cai)料，還可以應用于(yu)橡膠、塑料、樹脂、纖(xian)維等高(gao)分子復(fu)(fu)合材(cai)料領(ling)域(yu)。云南氧化石墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)生產(chan)

氧(yang)化石(shi)墨(mo)(mo)易(yi)于接枝改性，可(ke)與復合(he)材料進(jin)行原(yuan)位復合(he)。浙江制(zhi)備氧(yang)化石(shi)墨(mo)(mo)烯(xi)有(you)哪(na)些

自碳(tan)納(na)米(mi)管(CNTs)在(zai)1991年被Iijima報(bao)道以來［10］，這種具有一維納(na)米(mi)尺寸的(de)(de)管狀(zhuang)碳(tan)材料以其(qi)獨特(te)(te)的(de)(de)力學(xue)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)學(xue)、熱學(xue)及光學(xue)特(te)(te)性(xing)，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極材料、醫學(xue)、儲氫裝置(zhi)和催化劑等諸多領域(yu)［11～13］得到了廣泛的(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用。鋰(li)離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)領域(yu)是(shi)碳(tan)納(na)米(mi)管相當有潛力的(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用方向之一。首先，碳(tan)納(na)米(mi)管自身就是(shi)一種的(de)(de)鋰(li)離子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)負極材料;其(qi)次，碳(tan)納(na)米(mi)管尤其(qi)是(shi)使用化學(xue)氣相沉積技術(shu)制(zhi)(zhi)備的(de)(de)定向生長的(de)(de)三維碳(tan)納(na)米(mi)管陣列(lie)具備優(you)異(yi)的(de)(de)機械(xie)強(qiang)度，并(bing)且由于(yu)其(qi)獨特(te)(te)的(de)(de)彈道電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)傳(chuan)導效應(ying)(ying)及抗電(dian)(dian)(dian)遷移(yi)能(neng)力，其(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)導率可高達105S/m［14］。將其(qi)作為(wei)三維導電(dian)(dian)(dian)結構或導電(dian)(dian)(dian)添(tian)加(jia)劑加(jia)入到其(qi)他電(dian)(dian)(dian)極材料之中，不但可提高復(fu)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)與離子(zi)(zi)傳(chuan)輸能(neng)力，還可增強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)機械(xie)性(xing)能(neng)。浙江制(zhi)(zhi)備氧(yang)化石墨(mo)烯有哪些(xie)

本(ben)文來自四川精碳偉(wei)業(ye)環保科技有限(xian)責任公司(si)：//wasul.cn/Article/84d3699879.html