覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)特點1.成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)序(xu)多(duo):拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen)為(wei)關鍵(jian)工(gong)(gong)序(xu);2.拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen)是(shi)(shi)復(fu)(fu)(fu)合成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing):常采用一(yi)次拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen);3.拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen)時變形(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)均勻(yun):工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)補充、拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen)筋;4.大(da)(da)而穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)邊力(li):雙(shuang)動(dong)壓(ya)機(ji)、多(duo)連桿(gan)機(ji)械壓(ya)力(li)機(ji);5.質量(liang)(liang)鋼材(cai):度、高質量(liang)(liang)、抗腐蝕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼板;覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)類(lei)汽車(che)(che)覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖壓(ya)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)類(lei)以零(ling)(ling)件(jian)上(shang)易(yi)破(po)裂或起(qi)皺(zhou)部(bu)位材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)方式為(wei)依據,并根(gen)據成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外形(xing)(xing)(xing)特征、變形(xing)(xing)(xing)量(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)小(xiao)、變形(xing)(xing)(xing)特點以及(ji)對材(cai)料(liao)性(xing)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)同要(yao)求，可將汽車(che)(che)覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)件(jian)沖壓(ya)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)為(wei)五(wu)類(lei):深(shen)(shen)拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)類(lei)、脹形(xing)(xing)(xing)拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)類(lei)、淺(qian)拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)類(lei)、彎曲成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)類(lei)和(he)翻邊成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)類(lei)。覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)障礙及(ji)其防(fang)止措(cuo)施由于覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)件(jian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)復(fu)(fu)(fu)雜，多(duo)為(wei)非軸對稱、非回轉體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)(fu)(fu)雜曲面(mian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)，因而決定(ding)了(le)拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)均勻(yun)，所以拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)皺(zhou)和(he)開裂是(shi)(shi)主要(yao)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)障礙。1.起(qi)皺(zhou)及(ji)防(fang)皺(zhou)措(cuo)施原因:覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen)過程中，當板料(liao)與凸(tu)模剛開始接觸，板面(mian)內(nei)就會產生壓(ya)應(ying)(ying)力(li)，隨著(zhu)拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進行，當壓(ya)應(ying)(ying)力(li)超過允許值時，板料(liao)就會失穩(wen)(wen)起(qi)皺(zhou)(如圖1)。防(fang)皺(zhou)措(cuo)施:解決的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法是(shi)(shi)增加工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)補充材(cai)料(liao)或設置拉(la)(la)(la)深(shen)(shen)筋。沖壓(ya)可加工(gong)(gong)出尺(chi)寸范圍較大(da)(da)、形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)較復(fu)(fu)(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)，如小(xiao)到鐘(zhong)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)秒表，大(da)(da)到汽車(che)(che)縱梁(liang)、覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)件(jian)等。平湖(hu)本地沖壓(ya)件(jian)

沖(chong)(chong)裁時板料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)過程變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)過程：模具間隙(xi)正常時，金(jin)屬材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)沖(chong)(chong)裁過程可(ke)分三個階(jie)段：1）彈性變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)階(jie)段板料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)產生(sheng)彈性壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)，彎曲(qu)和(he)拉(la)(la)(la)伸(shen)等變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)在受(shou)到外力(li)(li)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)時產生(sheng)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)或者尺(chi)寸的(de)變(bian)(bian)化，而且能(neng)夠恢復(fu)的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)叫做彈性變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。2）塑(su)性變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)階(jie)段板料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)應力(li)(li)達到屈(qu)服極限(xian)，板料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)開(kai)始產生(sheng)塑(su)性剪切(qie)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。是指(zhi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)在外力(li)(li)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下產而在外力(li)(li)去除(chu)后不能(neng)恢復(fu)的(de)那部分變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。3）斷(duan)裂(lie)(lie)分離階(jie)段已成形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)裂(lie)(lie)紋沿(yan)比較大應變(bian)(bian)速度方向向材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)內(nei)延(yan)伸(shen)，呈楔形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀發展。沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)的(de)缺(que)陷：1.銹蝕、混件(jian)、毛(mao)刺(ci)2.起皺、疊料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)3.變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(突起、凹陷、孔(kong)(kong)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀不符)、拉(la)(la)(la)毛(mao)(拉(la)(la)(la)延(yan)痕(hen))4.壓(ya)(ya)痕(hen)(劃傷(shang)、碰傷(shang)、壓(ya)(ya)印、壓(ya)(ya)筋)5.漏(lou)序(少(shao)孔(kong)(kong)、孔(kong)(kong)未(wei)(wei)沖(chong)(chong)透、未(wei)(wei)整型、漏(lou)焊/壓(ya)(ya)接螺母、未(wei)(wei)切(qie)斷(duan)、未(wei)(wei)倒角、未(wei)(wei)打口點、未(wei)(wei)打磨(mo)、漏(lou)漆(qi)膜)6.麻點、坑包(bao)7.變(bian)(bian)薄(頸縮(suo)、拉(la)(la)(la)薄)，暗傷(shang)8.拉(la)(la)(la)裂(lie)(lie)(裂(lie)(lie)紋、開(kai)裂(lie)(lie))9.缺(que)邊(bian)、多/少(shao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)10.孔(kong)(kong)偏(pian)、焊/壓(ya)(ya)接螺母偏(pian)、豁(huo)口偏(pian)、壓(ya)(ya)包(bao)偏(pian)11.刻字\印記不清晰(xi)12.材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)鍍層(ceng)脫落,表面粗(cu)糙。浙江五金(jin)行業沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)定制加工鋼(gang)板沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)：多用(yong)(yong)于汽車(che)制造行業，它們的(de)表面涂覆了一層(ceng)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，可(ke)以(yi)有效(xiao)保護汽車(che)表面不受(shou)到腐蝕。

沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)加工(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)金屬(shu)塑(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)加工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)，是(shi)(shi)靠沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)設備和(he)模(mo)(mo)具實(shi)現(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)板料毛坯的(de)(de)(de)塑(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)加工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程。沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)加工(gong)(gong)方(fang)式(shi)是(shi)(shi)一種高(gao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)率(lv)、低耗材的(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)。產(chan)(chan)(chan)品具有較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸精度，互換(huan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)好(hao)，且(qie)操作(zuo)簡單易于實(shi)現(xian)機械化和(he)自動化，因此在(zai)機械加工(gong)(gong)各個(ge)領域(yu)已(yi)經(jing)得到了(le)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)。重點介紹了(le)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)設計(ji)階(jie)段應考(kao)慮的(de)(de)(de)相關因素，對(dui)(dui)(dui)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件成形(xing)(xing)過(guo)程中工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)孔和(he)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)補充的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)進行描述和(he)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)結構(gou)(gou)特(te)殊零(ling)(ling)(ling)件模(mo)(mo)具結構(gou)(gou)改進進行分(fen)(fen)析(xi)，應用(yong)(yong)(yong)TD技術(shu)解(jie)決厚板復雜結構(gou)(gou)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件拉毛問題，提(ti)高(gao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)效率(lv)和(he)延(yan)長模(mo)(mo)具壽(shou)命(ming)。沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)件的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)中，應該重點研究沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)。沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)件的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)包(bao)括沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)件的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀與尺(chi)寸精度是(shi)(shi)否(fou)能(neng)夠用(yong)(yong)(yong)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)加工(gong)(gong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)完(wan)成；能(neng)否(fou)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)簡單、方(fang)便(bian)的(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)制造完(wan)成。要(yao)(yao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品進行工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)設計(ji)，首先要(yao)(yao)根據產(chan)(chan)(chan)品圖(tu)紙(zhi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)件進行工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)，其中主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)在(zai)不影(ying)響產(chan)(chan)(chan)品性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)和(he)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)下，產(chan)(chan)(chan)品對(dui)(dui)(dui)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)適應性(xing)(xing)(xing)。一般情況下，對(dui)(dui)(dui)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)影(ying)響大(da)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件的(de)(de)(de)幾何形(xing)(xing)狀和(he)精度要(yao)(yao)求。良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)省料、省工(gong)(gong)序，模(mo)(mo)具易加工(gong)(gong)且(qie)壽(shou)命(ming)高(gao)，操作(zuo)安(an)全方(fang)便(bian)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)品質量穩定(ding)，經(jing)濟效益好(hao)。汽車沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)一般以拉延(yan)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、彎曲工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)、沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)裁工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為主(zhu)，掌(zhang)握這(zhe)三種典(dian)型(xing)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求。

五金(jin)(jin)在沖壓(ya)(ya)加工(gong)(gong)過程中稍(shao)加不(bu)小心，就會出(chu)(chu)現各種不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)陷，例如：加工(gong)(gong)過程中常(chang)會出(chu)(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)五金(jin)(jin)沖壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)(jian)(jian)開(kai)裂(lie)(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況。五金(jin)(jin)沖壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)(jian)(jian)出(chu)(chu)現開(kai)裂(lie)(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)因是(shi)什么(me)？該如何預防(fang)(fang)呢？開(kai)裂(lie)(lie)：制品受內應力(li)、外(wai)部(bu)(bu)沖擊或(huo)環境條件(jian)(jian)(jian)等的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響而在其表面或(huo)內部(bu)(bu)所(suo)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)。開(kai)裂(lie)(lie)原(yuan)因：是(shi)由于局(ju)部(bu)(bu)拉(la)應力(li)過大(da)(da)造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，由于局(ju)部(bu)(bu)拉(la)應力(li)過大(da)(da)導致局(ju)部(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脹形(xing)變(bian)形(xing)而開(kai)裂(lie)(lie)。精密(mi)沖壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)(jian)(jian)開(kai)裂(lie)(lie)位(wei)置：開(kai)裂(lie)(lie)主要(yao)發生在圓(yuan)角(jiao)部(bu)(bu)位(wei)，開(kai)裂(lie)(lie)部(bu)(bu)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚度(du)變(bian)薄很大(da)(da)如凸模(mo)與(yu)坯料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接觸面積(ji)過小、拉(la)深(shen)阻力(li)過大(da)(da)等都有可能導致材料(liao)(liao)局(ju)部(bu)(bu)脹形(xing)變(bian)形(xing)過大(da)(da)而開(kai)裂(lie)(lie)。防(fang)(fang)裂(lie)(lie)措施(shi)：為了防(fang)(fang)止開(kai)裂(lie)(lie)，應從覆蓋(gai)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)、成(cheng)形(xing)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)以及模(mo)具設(she)計(ji)多方面采(cai)(cai)取相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措施(shi)。(1)覆蓋(gai)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)上，可采(cai)(cai)取的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措施(shi)有:各圓(yuan)角(jiao)半(ban)徑(jing)比(bi)較好大(da)(da)一(yi)些、曲面形(xing)狀在拉(la)深(shen)方向的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際深(shen)度(du)淺一(yi)些、各處深(shen)度(du)均勻(yun)(yun)一(yi)些、形(xing)狀盡量簡(jian)單且變(bian)化盡量平緩一(yi)些等。(2)拉(la)深(shen)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)方面，可采(cai)(cai)取的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)措施(shi)有：拉(la)深(shen)方向盡量使凸模(mo)與(yu)坯料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接觸面積(ji)大(da)(da)、合理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)料(liao)(liao)面形(xing)狀和(he)壓(ya)(ya)邊(bian)力(li)使壓(ya)(ya)料(liao)(liao)面各部(bu)(bu)位(wei)阻力(li)均勻(yun)(yun)適(shi)度(du)、降(jiang)低(di)拉(la)延(yan)深(shen)度(du)、開(kai)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)孔和(he)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)切口等。(3)模(mo)具設(she)計(ji)上：可采(cai)(cai)取設(she)計(ji)合理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拉(la)深(shen)筋、采(cai)(cai)用較大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)具圓(yuan)角(jiao)、使凸模(mo)與(yu)凹(ao)模(mo)間隙合理等措施(shi)。沖裁:使板料(liao)(liao)分離，得(de)到(dao)所(suo)需形(xing)狀和(he)尺寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平片毛壞或(huo)制件(jian)(jian)(jian)，主要(yao)包括沖孔、下(xia)料(liao)(liao)、切斷、切口等工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。

以便在(zai)沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)設(she)(she)計之初(chu)就提(ti)出(chu)對產品設(she)(she)計的(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)進(jin)(jin)要求(qiu)。⑴拉(la)(la)(la)延(yan)(yan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)。拉(la)(la)(la)延(yan)(yan)件(jian)(jian)凸緣與(yu)側(ce)壁的(de)(de)(de)(de)圓角(jiao)半徑(jing)(jing)R及(ji)底部(bu)與(yu)側(ce)壁的(de)(de)(de)(de)圓角(jiao)半徑(jing)(jing)R應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)盡量放大，圓角(jiao)半徑(jing)(jing)大，能(neng)夠使零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)容(rong)易拉(la)(la)(la)延(yan)(yan)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；拉(la)(la)(la)延(yan)(yan)件(jian)(jian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)盡量對稱或(huo)采(cai)取左右對稱的(de)(de)(de)(de)拉(la)(la)(la)延(yan)(yan)件(jian)(jian)；以便成(cheng)雙拉(la)(la)(la)延(yan)(yan)，然(ran)后切開為(wei)兩件(jian)(jian)。⑵彎(wan)曲(qu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)。彎(wan)曲(qu)時(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)防止孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)邊(bian)與(yu)彎(wan)曲(qu)處應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)有適(shi)當距離，以避(bi)免孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，否則，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)先(xian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)彎(wan)后沖(chong)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；彎(wan)邊(bian)長度(du)不(bu)易過(guo)小(xiao)；壓(ya)(ya)(ya)彎(wan)件(jian)(jian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)盡量考慮(lv)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)定位(wei)(wei)和成(cheng)雙壓(ya)(ya)(ya)彎(wan)，以改(gai)變受(shou)力情(qing)況。⑶沖(chong)裁工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)。形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)盡量能(neng)使材料(liao)合(he)理排樣，減少(shao)廢料(liao)；直(zhi)線或(huo)曲(qu)線連接處應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)有適(shi)當圓角(jiao)，以利于(yu)模具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)造(zao)、維修和使用(yong)；避(bi)免過(guo)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)狹長外形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)徑(jing)(jing)及(ji)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)距應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)符合(he)小(xiao)尺(chi)寸(cun)要求(qiu)。汽車(che)沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)析及(ji)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)合(he)理設(she)(she)置工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)為(wei)解決成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)中外部(bu)材料(liao)無法進(jin)(jin)行補(bu)充(chong)(chong)帶來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)，可以采(cai)取在(zai)拉(la)(la)(la)伸毛坯(pi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)適(shi)當位(wei)(wei)置預沖(chong)出(chu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，或(huo)拉(la)(la)(la)伸過(guo)程(cheng)中在(zai)局部(bu)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)適(shi)當位(wei)(wei)置沖(chong)切工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)切口(kou)(kou)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)大小(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)適(shi)中，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)太(tai)大，成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)時(shi)頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)拉(la)(la)(la)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力變小(xiao)，容(rong)易造(zao)成(cheng)翻孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)現象；孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)太(tai)小(xiao)，頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)拉(la)(la)(la)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力不(bu)能(neng)充(chong)(chong)分(fen)(fen)緩解，材料(liao)不(bu)能(neng)充(chong)(chong)分(fen)(fen)流入補(bu)充(chong)(chong)，則會造(zao)成(cheng)頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)周(zhou)邊(bian)開口(kou)(kou)或(huo)圓角(jiao)處縮頸。在(zai)一序(xu)落料(liao)后二(er)序(xu)為(wei)拉(la)(la)(la)延(yan)(yan)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)，其成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)深度(du)為(wei)72mm。在(zai)拉(la)(la)(la)伸過(guo)程(cheng)中。零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)內孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)被內工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)充(chong)(chong)材料(liao)封閉。設(she)(she)計的(de)(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)件(jian)(jian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)簡單，結構合(he)理，有利于(yu)簡化模具(ju)結構、簡化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)數量，沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)完(wan)成(cheng)整(zheng)個(ge)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。平湖本地沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)件(jian)(jian)

沖(chong)壓件的(de)設計不僅應(ying)保(bao)證(zheng)具(ju)有良好(hao)的(de)使用(yong)性能，而且(qie)也應(ying)具(ju)有良好(hao)的(de)工藝(yi)性能，以減少材料的(de)消耗。平湖本地沖(chong)壓件

材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇：對(dui)(dui)于沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)操作(zuo)，材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇不(bu)僅關系到(dao)產品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)、性(xing)能，也關系到(dao)生產效(xiao)率(lv)和成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)，因此(ci)要(yao)根據(ju)產品(pin)(pin)使用環(huan)境(jing)以(yi)及(ji)使用要(yao)求選(xuan)擇合(he)適的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)，考(kao)(kao)慮材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)耐腐(fu)蝕性(xing)、硬度(du)、強度(du)，在保(bao)(bao)證質量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)下，盡(jin)可(ke)能選(xuan)擇易(yi)于加工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)，同樣重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)還有(you)(you)要(yao)確(que)保(bao)(bao)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)供(gong)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)渠道是(shi)可(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)。模具的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計與制(zhi)造(zao)：在設(she)(she)(she)計過程中，要(yao)考(kao)(kao)慮產品(pin)(pin)結構、形(xing)狀、尺(chi)寸，材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)度(du)、彈性(xing)和強度(du)，對(dui)(dui)模具零件進行合(he)理(li)布局，在模具制(zhi)造(zao)過程中，采(cai)用高(gao)精(jing)(jing)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝，確(que)保(bao)(bao)模具的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)度(du)和壽(shou)命(ming)。機械(xie)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)：采(cai)用高(gao)精(jing)(jing)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)可(ke)以(yi)有(you)(you)效(xiao)提(ti)升生產效(xiao)率(lv)和減少人力成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)，平時(shi)對(dui)(dui)機械(xie)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)維護(hu)和保(bao)(bao)養也非常關鍵(jian)，可(ke)以(yi)延長設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)使用壽(shou)命(ming)，降低生產成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)。五金(jin)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過程：沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝是(shi)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)五金(jin)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)件加工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)節，在此(ci)過程中，將材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)放(fang)于模具中，沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機通(tong)過沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊和壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力將材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)需要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)狀和尺(chi)寸，沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)需合(he)理(li)設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機參數，要(yao)精(jing)(jing)細控制(zhi)速度(du)、強度(du)、沖(chong)(chong)(chong)程等，通(tong)過精(jing)(jing)細的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝控制(zhi)，確(que)保(bao)(bao)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)度(du)，以(yi)保(bao)(bao)證其品(pin)(pin)質。平湖本(ben)地(di)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)件

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