現在(zai)國內外(wai)淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)固化(hua)處理(li)技(ji)術(shu)首要包含(han)物(wu)理(li)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)固結(jie)、高(gao)(gao)溫溶解燒結(jie)和(he)化(hua)學(xue)固化(hua)三類。1、物(wu)理(li)膠水(shui)固結(jie)物(wu)理(li)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)固結(jie)是指通過選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)暴(bao)曬(shai)(shai)、機(ji)械(xie)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)、袋充脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)的(de)(de)辦法(fa)(fa)(fa)去掉淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)中(zhong)(zhong)剩(sheng)余的(de)(de)自由水(shui)。當發(fa)(fa)生的(de)(de)淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)量較(jiao)水(shui)并且有場進(jin)(jin)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)攤(tan)鋪(pu)暴(bao)曬(shai)(shai)時，可以(yi)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)暴(bao)曬(shai)(shai)的(de)(de)辦法(fa)(fa)(fa)，通過暴(bao)曬(shai)(shai)蒸騰云掉淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)中(zhong)(zhong)剩(sheng)余的(de)(de)水(shui)分后，即(ji)可用(yong)(yong)作填(tian)土材料進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)運(yun)用(yong)(yong)。但(dan)這種辦法(fa)(fa)(fa)只適(shi)合用(yong)(yong)于(yu)少(shao)數淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)處理(li)，并且要有足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)場地，一起(qi)受氣(qi)候(hou)的(de)(de)影響也(ye)很大(da)。機(ji)械(xie)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)的(de)(de)辦法(fa)(fa)(fa)是便用(yong)(yong)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)機(ji)械(xie)將淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)中(zhong)(zhong)剩(sheng)余的(de)(de)水(shui)分除(chu)掉，脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)后易于(yu)運(yun)送(song)和(he)運(yun)用(yong)(yong)。但(dan)是由于(yu)疏浚工程(cheng)(cheng)發(fa)(fa)生的(de)(de)淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)量巨大(da)，普通脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)設備(bei)的(de)(de)價格(ge)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)，加之(zhi)脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)功率(lv)較(jiao)低，難以(yi)滿(man)意大(da)型疏浚工程(cheng)(cheng)要求，并且淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)通過脫(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)后其含(han)水(shui)率(lv)仍接近(jin)液限水(shui)平(ping)，還需要進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)二(er)次處理(li)才能滿(man)意工程(cheng)(cheng)用(yong)(yong)土要求。在(zai)各(ge)種筑(zhu)堤(di)、填(tian)海(hai)、堤(di)岸加因工程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，關于(yu)含(han)沙量較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)淤(yu)(yu)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)，也(ye)有限多選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)壓袋充因結(jie)排水(shui)的(de)(de)辦法(fa)(fa)(fa)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)資源化(hua)如用(yong)(yong)。

這里應該(gai)指出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，上述(shu)三(san)種物(wu)理脫水固結技(ji)術只是(shi)(shi)將(jiang)孔隙水部分或悉數(shu)脫出(chu)(chu)，并(bing)沒有除掉其間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)污染(ran)特(te)質，也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)說處理后仍(reng)具有污染(ran)性。因此，關于有高污染(ran)性的(de)(de)(de)疏(shu)浚淤(yu)泥，選(xuan)用物(wu)理脫水固結后，仍(reng)應考慮采取措施防止二次(ci)污染(ran)。固化土的(de)(de)(de)初凝和(he)終(zhong)凝時間(jian)分別為6h、12h，.坪山區污泥泥漿固化方案

建筑泥漿分析

建(jian)筑泥(ni)(ni)(ni)漿(jiang)(jiang)是城市(shi)(shi)建(jian)筑施工(gong)產生的(de)(de)廢棄物，隨著城市(shi)(shi)建(jian)設的(de)(de)不斷(duan)加(jia)速，建(jian)筑泥(ni)(ni)(ni)漿(jiang)(jiang)產量日益增(zeng)加(jia)，已(yi)成(cheng)為嚴重影響市(shi)(shi)容市(shi)(shi)貌的(de)(de)環境(jing)問題(ti)。通常(chang)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)方法是利用(yong)密(mi)封罐車外運到環保部(bu)門許可的(de)(de)地方遺棄。或者通過重力(li)沉淀、物理(li)(li)篩分(fen)和(he)化學絮凝等方法進行處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)，將泥(ni)(ni)(ni)漿(jiang)(jiang)中(zhong)的(de)(de)砂(sha)(sha)土和(he)水(shui)分(fen)分(fen)離后，將砂(sha)(sha)土外運處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)，尾(wei)水(shui)排(pai)放到城市(shi)(shi)管網。這些處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)方法都不能從源頭(tou)解決(jue)建(jian)筑泥(ni)(ni)(ni)漿(jiang)(jiang)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)渣，仍然存(cun)在很大(da)問題(ti)。這與建(jian)設和(he)諧生態環境(jing)的(de)(de)時代要求格(ge)格(ge)不入，已(yi)逐(zhu)步被各(ge)地所禁止。因此建(jian)筑泥(ni)(ni)(ni)漿(jiang)(jiang)處(chu)(chu)(chu)置(zhi)的(de)(de)新(xin)模式成(cheng)為建(jian)筑施工(gong)方面臨的(de)(de)共同難題(ti)。南山區(qu)品(pin)牌(pai)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)漿(jiang)(jiang)固(gu)化處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)固(gu)化土應用(yong)場景(jing)1.公(gong)路建(jian)設，2.工(gong)業(ye)園(yuan)區(qu)，3.尾(wei)礦(kuang)治理(li)(li)，4.公(gong)路建(jian)設、工(gong)業(ye)園(yuan)區(qu)、尾(wei)礦(kuang)治理(li)(li)等領域都有廣泛應用(yong)。

流態固化土的應用：

一、公路·臺背回填1.具備(bei)自密實特性，無需振搗碾壓，施工(gong)便捷高效；2.可大(da)幅降低(di)填土荷載，減(jian)少地(di)基(ji)的附加(jia)應力(li)，抑(yi)制地(di)基(ji)的不均勻(yun)沉(chen)降和側移；3.對橋(qiao)臺結(jie)構物幾乎沒(mei)有(you)推擠作用(yong)，可緩解橋(qiao)臺與臺背路基(ji)的剛性突變，工(gong)后(hou)沉(chen)降極(ji)小，能(neng)有(you)效治理橋(qiao)頭跳車的3.病(bing)害(hai)，減(jian)少工(gong)后(hou)維修。

二、市政·管(guan)網管(guan)廊基坑(keng)(keng)的(de)回(hui)(hui)填城市管(guan)網管(guan)廊與(yu)建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)基坑(keng)(keng)的(de)回(hui)(hui)填，要么采用(yong)(yong)回(hui)(hui)填渣土(tu)或者砂(sha)礫(li)材料，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)質量難(nan)以保證，要么采用(yong)(yong)泡沫混凝土(tu)材料回(hui)(hui)填，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)成(cheng)本較(jiao)高(gao)，流(liu)態固化(hua)土(tu)具有高(gao)流(liu)動性能夠泵送溜槽澆筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)，并且(qie)自流(liu)平自密實(shi)無需碾壓(ya)振搗，能夠滿足各種狹小空間的(de)填筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。

四、攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)1、應(ying)(ying)采用(yong)試驗確(que)定(ding)的(de)(de)固(gu)化(hua)土(tu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)方法，固(gu)化(hua)土(tu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)可采用(yong)干法施(shi)工(gong)(gong)或(huo)濕(shi)法施(shi)工(gong)(gong)；2、就地(di)固(gu)化(hua)處理，采用(yong)邊固(gu)化(hua)邊循環的(de)(de)方式進行(xing)，應(ying)(ying)保(bao)證(zheng)攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)均(jun)勻，其強度滿足(zu)指標(biao)要求(qiu)，考慮到(dao)(dao)處理區域的(de)(de)形狀，避(bi)免(mian)邊角漏攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)；3、按(an)現場試攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)確(que)定(ding)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝和施(shi)工(gong)(gong)參(can)數，采用(yong)強力攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭對(dui)渣土(tu)進行(xing)就地(di)強力攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，就地(di)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和時，將固(gu)化(hua)劑(ji)與淤(yu)泥(ni)逐步攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)到(dao)(dao)底層(ceng)深(shen)度，攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)應(ying)(ying)均(jun)勻，常用(yong)的(de)(de)攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)方式如下(xia)：a.若粉劑(ji)固(gu)化(hua)劑(ji)，可分層(ceng)散布，分布均(jun)勻，以保(bao)證(zheng)機械(xie)的(de)(de)連續(xu)有(you)效使用(yong)；b.攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)設備正向運行(xing)逐漸深(shen)人攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)并噴射固(gu)化(hua)劑(ji)，直(zhi)至達到(dao)(dao)地(di)基固(gu)化(hua)處理深(shen)度底部；一般每個(ge)點上下(xia)攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)次數不(bu)少于2次；c.攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)過(guo)程中，定(ding)位(wei)(wei)系統應(ying)(ying)實時記(ji)錄攪(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭全(quan)過(guo)程。五、清運原位(wei)(wei)固(gu)化(hua)完成的(de)(de)淤(yu)泥(ni)，通過(guo)普通挖斗(dou)及運輸(shu)車(che)轉運到(dao)(dao)固(gu)定(ding)放(fang)置點堆放(fang)或(huo)其他目(mu)的(de)(de)地(di)做(zuo)下(xia)一步處理。泥(ni)漿固(gu)化(hua)技術可以有(you)效地(di)控制地(di)下(xia)水位(wei)(wei)，避(bi)免(mian)地(di)下(xia)水對(dui)工(gong)(gong)程造成影響。

流態固化土的肥槽回填施工

針對(dui)(dui)現場(chang)作(zuo)業面(mian)(mian)狹小，不能現場(chang)攪拌(ban)作(zuo)業，是深基(ji)(ji)坑肥(fei)(fei)槽回(hui)填(tian)(tian)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)難點,通過對(dui)(dui)比傳統回(hui)填(tian)(tian)土(tu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術與預(yu)拌(ban)流態(tai)(tai)固化(hua)(hua)土(tu)回(hui)填(tian)(tian)技術的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和特點,確定(ding)采(cai)用(yong)預(yu)拌(ban)流態(tai)(tai)固化(hua)(hua)土(tu)回(hui)填(tian)(tian)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術。利(li)用(yong)溜槽對(dui)(dui)肥(fei)(fei)槽進(jin)行預(yu)拌(ban)流態(tai)(tai)固化(hua)(hua)土(tu)的(de)(de)(de)澆筑回(hui)填(tian)(tian),解決了深基(ji)(ji)坑肥(fei)(fei)槽回(hui)填(tian)(tian)過程中(zhong)遇到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)業面(mian)(mian)受限的(de)(de)(de)困難,消除施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質量(liang)(liang)隱患,縮短(duan)回(hui)填(tian)(tian)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)期,為項目提供安(an)全質量(liang)(liang)保障(zhang)并帶來經濟效益。通過項目取得的(de)(de)(de)結果證明(ming),預(yu)拌(ban)流態(tai)(tai)固化(hua)(hua)土(tu)具有質量(liang)(liang)穩定(ding)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)度快、無污染、安(an)全等優勢,在作(zuo)業面(mian)(mian)受限的(de)(de)(de)深基(ji)(ji)坑回(hui)填(tian)(tian)中(zhong)可(ke)廣泛應用(yong)。

流態固(gu)化土可以提高棄土棄渣的(de)利用(yong)率、減少(shao)施(shi)工的(de)經費(fei)投入(ru)、還能降低人力的(de)成(cheng)本投入(ru)。坪山區污泥(ni)泥(ni)漿固(gu)化方(fang)案

流態(tai)固化土(tu)是一種水硬性膠凝工(gong)程復合材料，成品與水泥(ni)混(hun)凝土(tu)類(lei)似。坪山(shan)區污(wu)泥(ni)泥(ni)漿固化方案

濕(shi)(shi)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)與干(gan)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)：預拌(ban)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)土因巖土性(xing)質、固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)劑摻量(liang)以及(ji)用水(shui)量(liang)（工作性(xing)要求(qiu)）的不同(tong)，拌(ban)合(he)物濕(shi)(shi)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和硬化(hua)(hua)后固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)土的干(gan)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)均(jun)有較大(da)(da)區別。固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)劑摻量(liang)為10%~15%，拌(ban)合(he)物坍(tan)落(luo)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)控制在(zai)(zai)180~200mm的固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)土，濕(shi)(shi)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)一般在(zai)(zai)1600~2000kg/m3，干(gan)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)1200~1800kg/m3。（4）體(ti)積穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)：預拌(ban)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)土在(zai)(zai)養護結束后，如暴(bao)露在(zai)(zai)空氣(qi)中，會因失(shi)水(shui)而發生(sheng)干(gan)縮(suo)。正(zheng)常室(shi)溫下干(gan)縮(suo)在(zai)(zai)30d以后趨于(yu)穩(wen)定(ding)。預拌(ban)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)土水(shui)量(liang)越大(da)(da)，干(gan)縮(suo)越大(da)(da)。在(zai)(zai)常溫環(huan)境(jing)中，相對濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)60%左右(you)，常見(jian)的干(gan)縮(suo)應變穩(wen)定(ding)在(zai)(zai)3000~6000με。處于(yu)地下環(huan)境(jing)中固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)土（如基槽回填、樁基等），在(zai)(zai)沒有失(shi)水(shui)的情況(kuang)下，通常不會發生(sheng)干(gan)縮(suo)。坪山區污泥泥漿固(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)方案

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